Alexander Skvortsov, madaxa baradhada, SumiAgro
Xilliga 2021, sida kii hore, waxaa lagu xasuusan doonaa beeralayda baradhada Ruushka ee aan ahayn xaaladaha cimilada ugu wanaagsan. Abaar ayaa mar kale soo noq-noqotay, taasina waxay keentay in waxsoosaarkii goboladu yaraado, wax-soo-saarkii guud ee dalkana uu gabaabsi noqdo. In yar ayaa filayey dhacdo noocan oo kale ah. Sidaa darteed, gabagabo fudud ayaa laftiisa soo jeedinaya - si loo sameeyo saadaasha wax-soo-saarka, gaar ahaan marka ay korayaan dhulka engegan, waa hawl aan mahad lahayn, cimiladu waxay "sixi kartaa" xisaab kasta. Waa muhiim in la dhiso tiknoolajiyada marka la eego hagaajinta iyo la qabsiga ugu sarreeya ee xaaladaha aan la saadaalin karin iyo xaalado kala duwan.
Shirkadda SumiAgro waxay had iyo jeer siisaa beeralayda xalal la isku halleyn karo oo wax ku ool ah. Ilaa 2021, faylalka shirkadu waxay ka mid tahay Prestige® wakiilka dhaymada fungicide-ka cayayaanka. Alaabtani waxay si kalsooni leh uga ilaalisaa geedo baradho ah cudur-sidaha ugu muhiimsan - cudurka rhizoctonia, iyo sidoo kale waxay xakameysaa cayayaanka qaybta hore ee xilliga sii kordhaya.
Maxaa iska beddelay Prestige® Treater? SumiAgro waxay ka tagtay qaabaynta gudaha dalka waxayna ku celisay tayada heerka ugu sarreeya, badeecada mar kale ayaa lagu soo saaraa warshadaha Yurub. Laakiin taasi maahan: guga 2021, iyada oo ku saleysan VNIIF, tijaabo ayaa la dhigay isku dhafka taangiga Prestige® oo leh azoxystrobin (1 l / ha loogu talagalay diyaarinta) iyo thiophanate-methyl (laba qiyaasood 1,0 iyo 1,5 l / ha loogu talagalay diyaarinta). Thiophanate-methyl waa walaxda firfircoon ee Topsin-M® fungicide (500 g / l), taas oo si weyn loo isticmaalo si looga ilaaliyo badarka qudhunka. Adduunka, iyo, gaar ahaan, Waqooyiga Ameerika, thiophanate-methyl molecule waxaa loo isticmaalaa dalagyo badan, oo ay ku jiraan dhaymada abuurka baradhada. Noocyada cudurrada la xakameeyey aad bay u ballaaran yihiin. 2021, walxaha abuurka noocyada baradhada Arizona, oo ay si aad ah u saameeyeen rhizoctonia (7%), qolof qalin (15%), iyo anthracnose (4%), ayaa loo adeegsaday dejinta tijaabada. Intaa waxaa dheer, digriiga waxaa lagu beeray beer tijaabo ah oo baradhada lagu beeray dhowr sano. Sidaa darteed, daraasadaha ayaa la fuliyay ka dhanka ah asalka caabuqa sare ee cudur-sidaha baradhada ee kala duwan... Isku darka haanta ayaa la isticmaalay xilligii beeritaanka. Xakamaynta caadiga ah ee haramaha iyo lix daawaynta fungicidal ayaa sidoo kale la fuliyay.
№ | Doorasho | Nooca hawlgalka | Heerka isticmaalka daroogada |
1 | Prestige® | Soo bandhigida daroogada ee ciidda xilliga beeritaanka | (3 l / ha) |
2 | Prestige® + Topsin M® | Soo bandhigida daroogada ee ciidda xilliga beeritaanka | (3 l / ha) + (1,0 l / ha) |
3 | Prestige® + Topsin M® | Soo bandhigida daroogada ee ciidda xilliga beeritaanka | (3 l / ha) + (1,5 l / ha) |
4 | Prestige® + azoxystrobin 250 g / l | Soo bandhigida daroogada ee ciidda xilliga beeritaanka | (3 l / ha) + (1,0 l / ha) |
5 | Xakamaynta (aan lahayn muunad) | Iyadoo aan la farsamayn | - |
Diiwaanada heerka dhirbaaxada dhirta ee rhizoctoniae ayaa la fuliyay saddex jeer xilli kasta marxalado: biqil buuxa, ubax, iyo maalin ka hor goosashada. Caabuqa dhirta leh anthracnose ayaa la qiimeeyay hal maalin kahor goosashada. Caabuqa digriiga leh qolof qalin ah iyo fusarium ayaa la qiimeeyay 5 toddobaad kadib goosashada iyadoo la adeegsanayo habka cad (MA Kuznetsova, 2007). Natiijooyin xiiso leh ayaa la helay (eeg shaxda hoose).
Qiyaasaha Phytometric ee dhirta baradhada iyo horumarinta Rhizoctonia Solani ee heerarka kala duwan ee horumarinta dhirta (Arizona, VNIIF, Ramenskaya Gorka, 2021)
# # | Fursadaha | Celceliska tirada afkoda (kumbuyuutar / baadiyaha) | 1Tirada jirida ay saamaysay,% | 2Tirada jirida ay saamaysay,% | 3Tirada jirida ay saamaysay,% | Celceliska heerka dhaawaca soo gaaray afkoda, dhibcood | Celceliska heerka caabuqa saxarada, dhibcaha | 3Burburka digriiga xilliga goosashada,% |
1 | Prestige® (3 l / ha) | 5,41 / 5,522/ 5,53 | 1,3 | 3,8 | 11,4 | unugyo1... / 0,32/ 0,43 | cutubyada1 / unug2 / unug3 | 03 |
2 | Prestige® (3 l / ha) + Topsin-M® (1,0 l / ha) | 5,5 / 5,5 / 5,5 | 1,5 | 4,1 | 10,8 | halbeeg / 0,3 / 0,4 | unugyo / unug / unug | 03 |
3 | Prestige® (3 l / ha) + Topsin-M® (1,5 l / ha) | 5,6 / 5,5 / 5,5 | 1,2 | 3,7 | 7,1 | halbeeg / 0,2 / 0,3 | halbeeg / unug / unug | 03 |
4 | Prestige® (3 l / ha) + azoxystrobin 250 g / l (1,0 l / ha) | 5,5 / 5,6 / 5,5 | 0 | 1,2 | 3,6 | 0 / cutub / 0,2 | unugyo / unug / unug | 03 |
7 | Xakamaynta (aan habayn) | 4,5 / 4,5 / 4,4 | 26,2 | 56,1 | 60,3 | 1,0 / 2,0 / 2,0 | 1,0 / 2,0 / 2,0 | 0 |
NDS0,95 | 0,2 / 0,2 / 0,3 | 3,0 | 3,2 | 4,0 | 0/0,2/0,3 | 0/1 | - |
2 marka lagu xisaabtamo wajiga ubaxa ee dhirta
3 maalinta ka horeysa goosashada
Prestige® waxay caddaysay inay tahay wax soo saar aad waxtar u leh oo ka hortagga rhizoctonia. Ku darida Topsin-M® iyo azoxystrobin lammaane ahaan waxay kordhisay waxtarka waxayna hoos u dhigtay waxyeelada afkoda inta lagu jiro dhammaan saddexda xisaabood. Saamaynta ugu weyn waxaa la siiyay ku darida Topsin-M® 1,5 l iyo azoxystrobin (250 g / l) 1,0 l / ha, taas oo waxtarkeedu aanu jirin farqi weyn oo tirakoobka ah ee tirinta labaad iyo saddexaad. Dhammaan xulashooyinka waxay bixiyeen ilaalinta boqolkiiba boqol ee stolons iyo, ugu muhiimsan, digriiga, iyo daroogadu waxay qabteen shaqo aad u fiican hawsha iyada oo aan lagu darin lamaanayaasha.
Caabuqa dhirta baradhada leh anthracnose marxaladaha ugu dambeeya ee horumarinta,% (Arizona kala duwan, VNIIF, Ramenskaya Gorka, 2021).)
# # | Fursadaha | Caabuqa dhirta leh anthracnose,% |
1 | Prestige® (3 l / ha) | 12,6 |
2 | Prestige® (3 l / ha) + Topsin-M® (1,0 l / ha) | 9,7 |
3 | Prestige® (3 l / ha) + Topsin-M® (1,5 l / ha) | 8,6 |
4 | Prestige® (3 l / ha) + azoxystrobin 250 g / l (1,0 l / ha) | 5,3 |
5 | Xakamaynta (aan habayn) | 14,3 |
NDS0,95 | 3,9 |
Saameyn la mid ah ayaa lagu xusay xakamaynta anthracnose, isticmaalka isku-darka taangiga waxay kordhisay xakamaynta cudurkan, ugu badnaan waxaa mar kale la siiyay Topsin-M® 1,5 l / ha iyo azoxystrobin (250 g / l) 1,0 l / ha.
Caabuqa digriiga baradho qolof caadi ah, qolof qalin ah iyo barar dambe-fusarium qudhuntay,% ( kala duwan Arizona, VNIIF, "Ramenskaya Gorka", 2021)
# # | Fursadaha | Caabuqa digriiga qolof caadi ah,% | Jacaylka digriiga leh qolof qalin ah, *% | Caabuqashada digriiga by baaluq goor dambe-fusarium qudhuntay,% |
1 | Prestige® (3 l / ha) | 0 | 3,2 | 2,2 |
2 | Prestige® (3 l / ha) + Topsin-M® (1,0 l / ha) | 0 | 2,7 | 1,9 |
3 | Prestige® (3 l / ha) + Topsin-M® (1,5 l / ha) | 0 | 2,8 | 2,3 |
4 | Prestige® (3 l / ha) + azoxystrobin 250 g / l (1,0 l / ha) | 0 | 1,8 | 2,2 |
7 | Xakamaynta (aan habayn) | 0 | 9,7 | 2,3 |
NDS0,95 | 0 | 1,5 | 0,9 |
Xaaladaha 2021 ma jecla horumarinta qolofka caadiga ah: samaynta digriiga ayaa dhacay intii lagu jiray muddada roobabka culus iyo, sidaas awgeed, qoyaanka ciidda sare, taas oo aan u oggolaan actinomycete in ay dhex gasho dhismaha digriiga ee noocyada baradhada Arizona. Dhammaan noocyada kala duwan ee tijaabada, waxaa jiray hoos u dhac weyn oo ku yimid guuldaradii qolofka silvery marka la barbardhigo kantaroolka (3 ama in ka badan), oo ay ku jiraan marka lagu shaqeynayo Prestige® qaabkeeda saafiga ah, taas oo caddaynaysa waxtarka sare ee pencycuron cudurkeenahaan. Ku darida thiophanate-methyl ee labada qiyaasood iyo azoxystrobin waxay sii yaraysay nabarka qolofta silvery. Labada cudurba waxaa la tiriyey 5 toddobaad kadib digriiga ayaa la dhigay kaydinta.
Natiijooyinka wax-soo-saarka ayaa lagu muujiyay shaxda hoose.
Wax-soo-saarka baradhada (НСР 0,95= 27,5) iyo suuq-geynta digriiga ee noocyada kala duwan ee tijaabada, kala duwanaanta Arizona, VNIIF, "Ramenskaya Gorka", 2021, (NSR) 0,95 = 3,7)
Kordhinta wax-soo-saarka baradhada ee noocyada la tijaabiyay marka la barbar dhigo xakamaynta la ilaaliyo (lix daweyn oo leh fungicides ka hortagga caabuqa goor dambe iyo Alternaria) waxay u dhaxaysay 41,4 ilaa 52,2 c / ha. Isticmaalka Prestige® (3 l / ha) + Topsin-M® (1,5 l / ha), Prestige® (3 l / ha) + azoxystrobin 250 g / l (1,0 l / ha) cudurada. Rhizoctonia solani, Colletotrichum kookaha, Helminthosporium solani... Waxaa jiray koror ku yimid suuq-geynta digriiga laga bilaabo 78% ilaa 87-89%. Ku darida xakamaynta (oo leh lix daawaynta fungicidal) waxay ahayd 52,2 iyo 49,4 c / ha, siday u kala horreeyaan. Farqiga u dhexeeya doorashooyinkan maaha mid muhiim ah tirakoob ahaan, waxay si siman waxtar u leeyihiin. Ku dhawaad laba jibaar kala duwanaansho qiimaha hektar ah ee daawada la-hawlgalayaasheeda ayaa soo jeedinaysa waxtarka dhaqaale ee Prestige® 3,0 l / ha + Topsin-M® 1,5 l / ha doorasho. Sidaa darteed, diyaarinta cayayaanka-fungicidal Prestige® waa ilaalin la isku halayn karo ee geedo waxayna u adeegi kartaa saldhig aad u wanaagsan isku dhafka taangiga (goobaha wax lagu sameeyo ee lagu garto asalka caabuqa sare).
Gabagabadii, waxaan jeclaan lahaa in aan sheego in hadda aysan jirin xal ku habboon qaybta digriiga baradhada dhaymada. Dad badan ayaa ku celceliya isku darka taangiyada, Prestige®na waxay u tahay saldhig la isku halayn karo. Tani waa dhab ahaan waxa khibradda kor lagu sharraxay ay muujisay.