Khabiirada Khabiirka iyo Xarunta Falanqaynta ee Agribusiness "AB-Center" www.ab-centre.ru diyaariyey suuq-geyn cilmi-baaris suuq Ruush ah oo ah alaabta ceyriinka beeraha iyo cunnada sanadihii 2001-2020.
Hoos waxaa ku qoran qaar ka mid ah waxyaabaha xiisaha leh ee ku saabsan dhoofinta alaabada dhoofinta alaabada beeraha iyo cunnada Ruushka
Dhoofinta alaabada ceeriin ee beeraha iyo cunnada Ruushka laga keenay 2019 waxay noqotay 24 milyan oo doolar, taasoo waxyar ka yar tan tirooyinka 741,4 (2018% ama 0,6 milyan).
* - Marka la eego agabyada ceyriinka beeraha iyo cuntada kiiskan, waxaan ula jeednaa badeecadaha ku jira kooxaha badeecadaha laga bilaabo 01 illaa 24, qaybaha TN VED min I ilaa IV (eeg buugga tixraaca ee TN VED codes).
Ogeysiis:
Qaybta I - Xayawaanka nool; alaabooyinka ka soo jeeda xoolaha.
Qaybta II - Wax soo saarka qudaarta.
Qaybta III - Dufanka iyo saliidaha asalka xoolaha ama khudradda iyo wax soo saarkooda; dufanka la cuni karo; xayawaanka ama khudradda waxes.
Qaybta IV - Alaabada cuntada la diyaariyey; cabbitaannada khamriga iyo kuwa aan khamriga ahayn iyo khalka; tubaakada iyo tubaakada beddelka (eeg. buugga tixraaca ee koodhadhka HS).
Kooxo badan oo wax soo saar ah, Ruushka sanadka 2019 wuxuu si weyn u kordhiyay dhoofinta dhoofinta. Xaalufinta guud ee tilmaamayaasha ayaa guud ahaan la xidhiidha hoos u dhac ku yimid dhoofinta hadhuudhka (alaabada sida ku xusan xeerka HS 10) Arrintan ayaa loo aaneynayaa dalagyada dalagga oo hooseeya sanadka 2018, kaasoo saameyn ku yeeshay waxqabadka ganacsiga shisheeyaha qeybtii hore ee 2019.
Marka loo eego natiijooyinka 2020, waxaa suurtagal ah, in marka loo eego, doolarka dhoofinta alaabada ceeriin ee beeraha iyo cuntada laga keeno Xiriirka Ruushka, sababtuna tahay qiimeynta weyn ee ruble, ayaa sidoo kale noqon doonta mid aan caadi aheyn. Si kastaba ha noqotee, marka la eego xagga jirka (marka loo eego tan), shixnadaha waxaa la filayaa inay kordhaan inta badan noocyada alaabada.
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, cuntada loo dhoofiyo marka la eego qiimaha ayaa weli ka badan dhoofinta ay dhoofiyaan, laakiin farqigaani si tartiib tartiib ah ayuu u yaraanayaa. Sidii laga filaayay Xarunta AB, iyadoo la ilaalinayo isbeddelada hadda jira, dhoofinta cunnada ayaa laga yaabaa inay dhaaftay dhoofinta alaabada mustaqbalka dhow (sannadka 2020-2022).
Doorka alaabooyinka beeraha ee tirada guud ee dhoofinta Ruushka sanadihii la soo dhaafay si weyn ayey u kordhay.
Dhismayaasha agro-warshadaha waa mid ka mid ah qaybaha yar ee qaybta dhabta ah ee dhaqaalaha ee Xiriirka Ruushka ee si guul leh u horumaraya isla markaana leh badeecado ku tartamaya suuqyada adduunka. 2016-2019. saamiga wax soo saarka cuntada ee qiimaha guud ee dhoofinta Ruushka, sida laga soo xigtay AB-Center, wuxuu kudhowaad yahay 5,5-6,0%, halka uu dib ugu laabtay 2001-2013. kama badin 3,4% (sanadaha qaarna wuu ka yaraa 2,0%).
Maqaalka muhiimka ah ee dhoofinta alaabada ceeriin ee beeraha iyo cuntada Ruushka laga keenay sannadka 2019:
1. Midho (alaabada sida uu qabo HS code 10). Kuwaani badanaa waa sarreen, shaciir iyo galley. Si aad u yar, bariis, galley, rooti, iyo haro ayaa laga dhoofiyaa Ruushka. Sanadka 2019, dhoofinta hadhuudhka ee laga soo qaado Xiriirka Ruushka ee qadarka qiimaha ayaa ah 32,0% wadarta guud ee agabyada ceyriinka beeraha iyo cuntada dibedda (39 313,4 kun oo tan oo u dhiganta $ 7 908,5 milyan). Sannadka 2018, saamiga hadhuudhka wadarta guud ee gaarsiinta ayaa si weyn kor ugu kacday oo noqotay 42,0% (54 kun oo tan oo u dhiganta 814,5 milyan oo doolar).
2. Saliida saliidda, saliidda khudradda, gasacadaha saliidda, cuntada iyo harta kale ee adag ee laga helo soosaarka saliidaha khudradda. Alaabooyinkani waxay keenaan keenisyo gudaha qaab dhismeedka kooxaha wax soo saarka ballaaran (HS code) sida 12, 15 iyo 23, siday u kala horreeyaan. Wadarta qiimaha dhoofinta alaabada kor ku xusan, sida ku xusan xisaabinta Ab-Center, ayaa lagu sheegay 5 687,6 milyan USD (23,0% wadarta qiimaha dhoofinta alaabada ceyriinka iyo cuntada). Isbarbar dhig ahaan, 2018, tilmaamayaashu waxay ahaayeen heerar ah 4 milyan USD (516,8%).
3. Kalluunka iyo badda (HS code 03). Keenista dhoofinta ee kooxdan wax soo saarka ah ee 2019 waxaa lagu qiyaasay USD 4 milyan (698,9%). Sannadka 19,0, qiimaha dhoofinta kalluunka iyo kalluunka badda ee laga keenay Xiriirka Ruushka wuxuu u kacay USD 2018 milyan (4%).
Wadarta TOP-3 ee kooxaha wax soo saarka ee la soo korsaday ee kor ku xusan, marka loo eego qiyaasta AB-Center, ee la bixiyo sanadka 2019 73,9% dhamaan keenida marka loo eego qiimaha.
Waxyaabaha soo socdaa waa la xusi karaa:
4. Shukulaatada iyo waxyaabaha kale ee macmacaanka ay ku jiraan kookaha (TN VED koodh 18) - 2,9%.
5. Alaabada la dhammeeyay ee laga soo saaray badarka hadhuudhka, bur, istaarijka ama caano; macmacaanka burka (TN VED code 19) - 2,8%.
6. Khamri iyo khamri aan cabin (TN VED lambarka 22) - 2,5%
7. Hilibka (TN VED koodhka 02) - 2,4%. Ogsoonow in aaggan uu si firfircoon u kobcayo. Sannad kahor, saamiga hilibku wuxuu ahaa 1,6%, 2013 - kaliya 0,2%.
8. Tubaakada (TN VED koodh 24) - 2,2%.
9. Sonkor (TN VED koodh 17) - 2,1%.
10. Khudaarta (TN VED lambarka 07) - 1,9%. Fikradeena, nidaamka kala soocida alaabada sida ku xusan TN VED had iyo jeer kama tarjumayo sawirka dhabta ah.
Xaqiiqdii, asaaska u keenida sida ku xusan xeerka 07 waa digir iyo digaag, kuwaas oo aad ugu dhow hadhuudhka marka loo eego khudradda.
Si kastaba ha noqotee, kala-saaridda alaabta sida ku xusan koodhadhka HS, alaabooyinkaas waxaa loo kala saaraa sida khudradda. Dhoofinta khudaarta si toos ah (macnaha erayga caadiga ah) ee ka socda Xiriirka Ruushka ayaa ah heerar hoose.
Muhiim! Xisaabinta ganacsiga shisheeye ee agabkan waxaa loo diyaariyey iyadoo la adeegsanayo aaladda Diiwaanka tirakoobka kastamka VEDLORD.
qoraaga: Alexey Plugov, Ph.D.