Sida laga soo xigtay Wasaaradda Beeraha iyo Kalluumeysiga ee gobolka, laga bilaabo Luulyo 20, beeralayda maxalliga ah waxay goosteen ilaa 80 kun oo tan oo baradho hore ah (sida taariikhdan 2021 - 56 kun oo tan) iyada oo celcelis ahaan wax-soo-saarkeedu yahay 350 c/ha. Waxaa intaa dheer, kororka maalinlaha ah ee ururinta maalmahan waa 3,5-5 kun oo tan.
Wax yar oo xoog leh ma leh ururinta alaabta khudradda. Laga bilaabo maanta, waxay gaadhay 19,3 kun oo tan, taas oo 8% ka badan tii 2021 (17,9 kun oo tan). Qeybtaan, kororka maalinlaha ah waa 1-1,5 kun oo tan.
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, kaabajka (12,4 kun oo tan - + 21% marka la barbardhigo 2021) iyo qajaarka (3 kun oo tan - + 19%) ayaa xukuma. Waxa kale oo jira tilmaamayaasha ugu fiican ee zucchini, basbaaska, salaar iyo eggplant - wadar ahaan waxaa la goostay 3,6 kun oo tan, taas oo 1,5 jeer ka badan xagaagii hore (2,4 kun oo tan).
Yaanyada ayaa xoogaa ka baxsan sawirka - waxaa la goostay 300 oo tan oo kaliya, taas oo ah 26% tiradii sanadkii hore. Laakiin halkan, sida ay xaqiijisay Wasaaradda Beeraha, looma baahna in laga walwalo: gobolka Astrakhan, xoogga saaraya yaanyada ayaa ku jira noocyo dambe, kuwaas oo la goosto Ogosto-Sebtembar.
Wax-soo-saarka Yurub
Waa in la ogaadaa in sanadihii ugu dambeeyay beeralayda baradhada Astrakhan ay ku guuleysteen natiijooyin halis ah beerashada dalagyada xididka. Gaar ahaan dhanka wax soo saarka.
Marka loo eego tirakoobyada, 85% baradhada Ruushka waxaa lagu beeraa dhulal iyo beero shakhsi ahaaneed. Haddii ganacsiyada waaweyn ee beeraha, celceliska wax-soo-saarka uu yahay 240-300 sentimitir halkii hektar, ka dibna beeralayda, sida caadiga ah, ilaa 170 sentimitir halkii hektar, ee guryaha qoyska - ilaa 150 senti halkii hektar. Sidaa darteed, maahan wax la yaab leh in, marka loo eego tilmaamayaashan, hoggaamiyeyaashu waa gobollada ay ku badan yihiin hanti-beeraha - Tatarstan, Bashkiria, Voronezh, Samara, Penza, halkaas oo wax-soo-saarku uu u dhexeeyo 280-300 c / ha.
Marka laga soo tago asalkan, gobolka Astrakhan oo leh heer ilaa 350 senter halkii hektar waa Yurub dhab ah. Tanina maaha mid la isku halleyn karo. Dabcan, Astrakhans weli ma la tartami karaan hoggaamiyeyaasha baradhada ee Old World marka la eego wax soo saarka (Nederlaan, wax-soo-saarka waa 447 senti / ha, France - 432 senter / ha, Belgium - 423 senti / ha, Germany 423 sentimitir. / ha), laakiin waxaan ka sarraynnaa dalalka leh xagaaga kulaylka iyo qalalan ee la mid ah - Spain (281 c/ha), Portugal (270 c/ha), Talyaaniga (255 c/ha).
Ku-deeqaha weyn ee baradhada
In kasta oo aagagga baradhada ee gobolka Astrakhan aanay weynayn, laakiin sababta oo ah wax-soo-saarka sare ee la sheegay iyo isticmaalka hooseeya ee baradhada gudaha gobolka (gudahood 50-55 kun oo tan), waxay helaysaa sahay weyn oo badeecada ah. Tani waxay u oggolaaneysaa gobolka Astrakhan inuu ka mid noqdo gobollada ku-deeqaha baradhada tobankii sano ee la soo dhaafay, iyo 20-kii qarnigan - ee ugu sarreeya 5.
Haddana 85% baradhada ayaa loo raraa meel ka baxsan gobolka. Gobollada ugu muhiimsan ee macaamiisha ee dalagga xididka Astrakhan waa gobollada Moscow, Leningrad iyo Sverdlovsk. In ka badan 3 oo tan oo baradho ah ayaa horay loogu dhoofiyay Belarus iyo Kazakhstan.
Noocyada ugu muhiimsan ee baradhada dhoofinta waa Riviera, Colomba, Red Scarlett, Arizona, Newton, Collete, Rosara, Memphis, La Strada.
Qiimaha soo jiidashada leh
Waa in la ogaadaa in badeecadaha kale ee khudradda ee gobolka Astrakhan ay baahi weyn u qabaan. Inta badan khudaarta Astrakhan waxaa loo qaadaa saddexda gobol ee hore loo sheegay, iyo sidoo kale Belarus (qiyaastii 2,8 kun oo tan).
By habka, gobolka Astrakhan sidoo kale waa gobolka ku-deeqaha ee khudaarta. Booska, dabcan, maaha mid muhiim u ah baradhada, laakiin gobolku wuxuu ku jiraa 20ka sare. Mar labaad, Thanks to wax-soo-saarka sare ee tiro ka mid ah khudaarta, taas oo ah rikoodhka Degmada Federaalka ee Koonfurta (xogta 2021): qajaarka dhulka furan - 374 senti / ha, yaanyada dhulka furan - 642 senti / ha, kaabajka - 438 senter / ha, qaraha iyo ubbada - 377 q/ha.
Iibsadayaasha ayaa soo jiidanaya kaliya maaha tayada badeecadaha, laakiin sidoo kale qiimo jaban. Sidaa darteed, kaabajka ayaa la bixiyaa 7-10 rubles / kg, taas oo ah heerka sannadkii hore, iyo qajaarka - 18-20 rubles / kg, taas oo ah kala badh heerka qiimaha 2021.
Gobolka Astrakhan wuxuu sii wadaa inuu horumariyo fiditaanka steppe iyadoo diiradda la saarayo qaybta dalagga. Marka, tan iyo bilowgii xilli-ciyaareedka, aagga lagu beeray baradhada iyo khudaarta ayaa kordhay 2,4 kun oo hektar marka la barbar dhigo 2021.