Daah-fur lama filaan ah oo ka soo baxay daraasad cusub oo lagu eegayay cayayaanka iyo xakamaynta cudurrada ee beeraha ganacsiga ee magaalada New York ayaa u oggolaanaya beeralayda gobolka inay yareeyaan isticmaalkooda kiimikooyinka synthetic iyada oo aan waxyeello loo geysan dalagga, sida laga soo xigtay portal. phys.org.
Daraasad ay sameeyeen saynisyahano ka tirsan Cornell Agriturismo Tech oo dhawaan lagu daabacay joornaalka AgronomyWaxay muujisay in iyagoo la kulmay heerarka go'aaminta goorta la isticmaalayo cayayaanka si loo xakameeyo thrips basasha - cayayaan dalagga weyn - beeralaydu waxay buufiyeen 2,3 buufin ka yar xilli kasta, iyagoo ilaalinaya dhalidda nalka iyo cabbirka. Qiimaha bilowga ah waa cufnaanta cayayaanka ku jira dalagga, taas oo u baahan tallaabooyin la qaado si looga hortago kororka tirada ilaa heer u horseedi doona khasaare dhaqaale.
Natiijooyinka in ka badan seddex sano oo tijaabo gudaha ah ayaa sidoo kale muujisay in beeralayda ay isticmaali karaan 50-100% bacriminta ka yar iyaga oo aan waxyeello u geysan wax-soo-saarka.
Max Torrey '13, oo beertiisa jiilka 12aad ee Elba, NY, uu ahaa goob tijaabo ah oo daraasadda lagu sameeyay ayaa yidhi: "Dhulka aan bacriminta lahayn waxay ahaayeen kuwo isku mid ah [marka la barbar dhigo dhulalka la bacrimiyey oo buuxa ama nuska] "Dadku way shakiyeen, laakiin xogtani waxay ina siinaysaa kalsooni badan."
Koritaanka basasha ee cimilada galbeedka New York waxay u baahan tahay beerasho degdeg ah waxayna si weyn ugu tiirsan tahay bacriminta synthetic iyo sunta cayayaanka. Waxa kale oo si gaar ah loogu sameeyaa carrada dhoobada leh. Beeralayda New York waxay ku koraan ku dhawaad dhammaan 7000 acres ee basasha ee gobolka digada.
Basasha waa cunto muhiim ah waana cuntada afraad ee loogu isticmaalka badan yahay Maraykanka marka laga reebo baradhada, yaanyada iyo galleyda macaan. Beeralayda dalaggan ee magaalada New York waxay leeyihiin faa'iidada dheeraadka ah ee u dhowaanshaha suuqyada waaweyn ee ku teedsan Xeebta Bari. Laakiin cudurrada iyo cayayaanka, gaar ahaan thrips basasha, waxay si weyn u saameeyaan faa'iidooyinka beeralayda basasha.
Trips basasha, cayayaanka yaryar ee baalasha leh ee quudiya dhirta basasha, waxay radarka Brian Nault ku jireen sanado badan. Nault, oo ah qoraaga sare ee daraasadda iyo borofisar ku takhasusay cilmiga cilmu-nafsiga ee Cornell Agriturismo Tech, ayaa sheegay in beeralayda ay u yimaadeen inay ku tiirsanaadaan kharash-ool ah barnaamijyada codsiyada cayayaanka ee toddobaadlaha ah si loo xakameeyo thrips. Dabadeed, dabayaaqadii 1990-meeyadii, iska caabbinta cayayaanka ayaa si degdeg ah u billowday thrips, maadaama shan ilaa siddeed jiil oo cayayaan ah la soo saari karo sannad gudaheed. Thrips waxa kale oo ay gudbisaa fayras dili kara dhirta oo faafiya bakteeriyada keenta guluubka qudhunka.
Si loo ilaaliyo cayayaanka waxtarka leh, Nault waxay si sax ah u xisaabisay marinnada laga soo galo si beeralayda basasha ee New York ay u buufin karaan kaliya marka ay dadka cayayaanku u baahan yihiin.
"Sababta #1 ee beeralayda u isticmaalaan marinnada laga soo galo waa inay yareeyaan horumarka caabbinta cayayaanka," ayuu yidhi Nault. - Kiimikada cusub ee soo socota ee wanaagsani ma soo bixi karto ilaa 2025. Waxaana loo baahan yahay inaan hadda tallaabo qaadno.”
Daraasaddooda cusub, Nault iyo Carly Regan waxay rabeen inay si dheeraad ah u hagaajiyaan thrips basasha istaraatiijiyada maaraynta isku dhafan. Waxay ogaayeen in beeralayda sii waday isticmaalka barnaamijyada buufinta toddobaadlaha ah halkii ay ka ahaan lahaayeen marinnada ay ku jiraan khatar weyn, kordhinta suurtagalnimada caabbinta horumarinta. Laakin Nault waxa kale oo ay heshay natiijooyin daraasadeed oo muujinaya in yaraynta cadadka bacriminta ay suurtagal tahay in ay yarayso cayayaanka ku dhaca dalagyada qaarkood. Waxa uu ku daray qodobkan tijaabooyinka tijaabada.
Nault iyo la-hawlgalayaasheeda sii kordhaya ayaa la yaabay markii ay ogaadeen in qadarka bacriminta lagu dabaqay beeritaanka aysan wax saameyn ah ku yeelan heerarka dadka thrips, qudhunka, ama cabbirka guluubka iyo dhalidda.
"Ma aanan fileyn tan, laakiin waxay leedahay saameyn ka sii weyn," ayuu yiri Nault. "Yareeynta isticmaalka bacriminta beerashada ganacsiga waxay u wanaagsan tahay deegaanka siyaabo badan."
Nault wuxuu ku qanacsan yahay in haddii dhammaan beeralayda basasha New York ay isticmaalaan marinnada, ay arki doonaan isugeyn $ 420 oo ah kaydinta kharashka cayayaanka.