Dhulka gobolka: 39.6 kun mitir murabac. Km
Tirada dadka: 1 135 438 qof, oo 71.25% ay ku nool yihiin magaalooyin.
Booska joqoraafi ahaan:
gobolku wuxuu ku yaalaa bartamaha qaybta Yurub ee Ruushka, waa qayb ka mid ah Degmooyinka Gobolka Dhexe iyo Gobolka Dhexe ee Dhaqaalaha ee Ruushka.
Cimilada: cimilada cimilada leh.
Celcelis ahaan heerkulka bisha 10aad waa 20 ° С, Luulyo + 500 ° С. Celcelis ahaan, 25 mm roobabku waxay dhacaan sanad kasta (30-XNUMX% qaab baraf ah).
Dhulka dhul beereedka: 2323,3 kun oo hektar, oo ay kujirto dhul beereed - 1468,1 kun oo ha. Sida laga soo xigtay Ryazanstat, aagga lagu beeray dhammaan noocyada beeraha ee sanadka 2014 wuxuu ahaa 811,3 kun oo hek, taas oo 4,0% ka yar dalagga 2013.
Baradhadu waa wax soo saarka aan u baahanahay si aan u kordhinno suurtagalnimada dhoofinta!
Wareysiga Wasiirka Beeraha iyo Cuntada ee Gobolka Ryazan Boris Viktorovich Shemyakin.
- Boris Viktorovich, gobolka Ryazan wuxuu had iyo jeer caan ku ahaa baradhada Ruushka oo dhan. Wax yar nooga sheeg "taariikhda baradhada" ee gobolka.
- Xaaladaha cimilada-cimilada iyo juquraafi ahaan gobolka Ryazan ayaa ku habboon wax soo saarka baradhada. Gobolku wuxuu had iyo jeer ahaa iibiyaha baradhada alaabada la geeyo xarumaha warshadaha waaweyn iyo waqooyiga dalka. Soo goynta ugu badan ee baradhada waxaa la gaarey fog fog 1975 waxayna gaareysey 1750 kun tan. Markaas aagga lagu beeray wuxuu ahaa 158 kun oo hektar, oo ay ku jiraan beeraha wadaagga ah iyo beeraha gobolka - qiyaastii 110 kun oo hektar, in ka badan sannadahan kaliya gobolka Bryansk ayaa beeray oo soo saaray baradho dalka. Kala guurka xiriirka suuqa, aagga lagu beeray baradhada ayaa si weyn hoos ugu dhacay, qorshooyinka hoosaadyada shaqsiyadeed waxay noqdeen kuwa wax soo saarayaasha ugu waaweyn. Si kastaba ha noqotee, sanadihii la soo dhaafay, soo jiidashada maalgashiga awgeed, waxaa jiray u gudub heer aasaasi ah oo wax soo saar.
- Sideed ku sifoobi kartaa heerka horumarka baradhada ka baxda gobolka hadda?
- Gobolka Ryazan waa gobol isku filan marka laga hadlayo noocyada waaweyn ee cuntada. Maanta, waxsoosaarka baradhada ayaa 2,5 jeer ka sarreeya isticmaalka.
Sannadkii 2014, aagga lagu beeray dhammaan noocyada beeraha wuxuu u dhignaa 25,7 kun hektar, oo ku saabsan 20% ka mid ah - aagga shirkadaha beeraha iyo beeraha, halkaasoo baradhada inta badan lagu beero iyadoo la adeegsanayo farsamooyin casri ah. Qalabka waxqabadka sare leh, Bacriminta macdanta, alaabada ilaalinta dhirta ayaa halkan loo isticmaalaa, isbeddelo kala duwan iyo cusbooneysiin kala duwan ayaa lagu sameeyaa waqti ku habboon. Sidaa darteed, waxaa jira farqi weyn oo xagga guulaha ah marka loo eego dhagarta guryaha gaarka loo leeyahay: sanadkii 2014, waxsoosaarka beeraha gaarka loo leeyahay wuxuu ahaa 142 c / ha, shirkadaha beeraha - 195 c / ha.
Anaga ahaan, kuwani waa tirooyin hoose: goosashada baradhada xilli ciyaareedkii la soo dhaafay waxaa saameeyay cimilada bishii Agoosto, markii lagu jiray kobaca firfircoon ee digriiga waxaa jiray qoyaan yari iyo heerkul aan caadi ahayn oo sarreeya. Laakiin teknoolojiyada casriga ahi waxay suurtogal ka dhigeysaa in la dhexdhexaadiyo xaaladaha cimilada ee aan fiicnayn. Tusaalaha tan waa LLC "AgroSoyuzSpassk", halkaasoo adeegsiga tikniyoolajiyadda casriga ah iyo waraabka ay suurta galisay in laga soo ururiyo in kabadan 19 kun tan oo baradho tayo sare leh, waxsoosaarka ayaa ka badnaa 600 c / ha waraab.
Maanta, kobcinta baradhada iyo waxsoosaarka qudaarta ayaa kamid ah waxqabadka ugu yar dhinaca beeraha. Dhamaadkii 2014, faa iidada baradhada ee gobolka waxay ka badneyd 40%, macaashkuna wuxuu kordhay afar jeer marka loo eego 2013. Tani waxay sharraxaysaa soo jiidashada warshadaha ee maal-gashadayaasha aan maal-gashaneyn oo keliya wax-soo-saarka casriga ah ee waraabka, laakiin sidoo kale horumarinta saldhigyada kaydinta iyo diyaarinta iibka kahor.
Sanadkii 2015, beeralleyda gobolka ayaa qorsheynaya in ay ku kordhiyaan aagga 0,5 kun ha, iyo aagagga beero waraabku way sii kordhayaan (min 0,8 illaa 1,3 kun oo ha).
- Ma qorshaynaysaa inaad horumariso soosaarka abuurkaaga?
- Tani waa hawl aad u adag. Markii hore, nidaam si fiican u shaqeynaya ayaa ka shaqeynayay gobolka: ururka wax soo saarka ee Ryazansem-Potato waxaa ka mid ahaa 12 beerood oo gobolka ah oo soo saaray miro caan ah. Shabakada iskudhafka semkhozes-ka waxay si buuxda u bixisay beero ganacsi oo leh iniinyo taran.
Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, beeraleyda baradho ayaa miraha ka soo saarey gobollada Mooshinka iyo Samara, Jamhuuriyadda Belarus, Jarmalka, iyo Nederland. Si kastaba ha noqotee, sannadkan, oo ku saleysan hindisaha dhowr beerood, oo ku saleysan barnaamijka 'SPC Luch' ee degmada Kasimovsky, waxaa la abuuray MaryKlon LLC, iyada oo qorshooyin fog la aasaasay si loo dhiso wax soo saarka miraha baradho ee qaddarka ah ilaa 7 kun oo tan. Waxaan rajeynayaa in muddo kadib shirkaddu ay noqon doonto adeeg-keenayaal lagu kalsoonaan karo oo abuur ah ma ahan oo keliya beeraha baradho, laakiin sidoo kale beero-beereedka shaqsiyeed.
- Maxaa laga dhihi karaa kaabayaasha warshadaha: ilaa xad intee le'eg ayaa gobolka laga siiyaa bakhaarro baradho casri ah, khadadka loogu diyaar garoobayo baradhada horteeda?
- Suuqa wuxuu dalab badan ka qabaa tayada baradhada iyo wax soo saarka qudaarta, iyada oo aan lahayn saldhig casri ah oo lagu keydiyo iyo diyaar garowga iibka ka hor heerka la rabo lama gaari karo. Dhowr sano ka hor, Guddoomiyaha Gobolka Ryazan, Oleg Kovalev, wuxuu dejiyay hawsha horumarinta shabakad xarumo kayd ah oo casri ah si beero ay u kaydiso dalagyada illaa guga oo ay ugu iibiso qiimaha ugu habboon. Maanta, shirkadaha beeraha iyo beeraha, awoodda keydinta ayaa ka badan 110 kun oo tan oo mar kayd ah. Kuwani waa 63 baradho iyo 8 bakhaar oo khudaar ah, kuwaas oo hubiya badbaadada dhammaan dalagga koray.
Soo-saareyaasha noocan oo kale ah sida Avangard LLC ee gobolka Ryazan (6 baakadaha baradhada leh oo leh awood dhan 9 kun oo tan), beeraha wadajirka ah Zaveta Ilyicha (3 baradha oo baradho ah oo loogu talagalay 4,5 kun oo tan iyo makhaayad khudradda ah oo ah 1,2 kun oo tan oo leh qaboojiyaha ugu dambeeyay) waxay leeyihiin awood casri ah. qalabka iyo khadka baakadaha) iyo beero iyaga loogu talagalay. Lenin, degmada Kasimov (4 xaraash 8 kun oo tan).
Maalgelinno culus ayaa la soo jiitay si loo abuuro loona casriyeeyo saldhigga kaydinta. Marka, LLC "Beeraha Ungor" waxay fulinayaan mashruuc lagu dhisayo bakhaar qudaar ah oo leh qaboojiye iyo qalab hawo u leh 49 kun oo tan oo ku yaal Rybnoye, wejiga koowaad ee 7,5 kun oo tan ayaa la soo saaray. Degmada Spassky, Agrosoyuz-Spassk waxay dhiseysaa dhisme adag oo loogu talagalay kaydinta iyo howsha ugu horreysa ee baradhada iyo khudradda (kala saarida, fududeynta, dhaqitaanka, xirmada) Hay'ada Beeraleyda ee Shilovsky waxay si firfircoon u horumarinaysaa xarunteeda kaydinta: mashruucu wuxuu bixiyaa dhismaha xarun isku dhafan oo ah 10 kun oo tan, laba goobood oo keydin ah oo ah 2 kun oo tan ayaa la hirgaliyay. Saddexda sano ee soo socota, ilaa 5,5 shirkadood ayaa qorsheynaya in ay dhisaan xarumo cusub oo wax lagu keydiyo, la ballaariyo oo la casriyeeyo tas-hiilaadka jira.
- Ma jiraan wax shirkado ah oo baradhada ka shaqeysiiya (ama qorshayaal abuuristooda ah)?
- Dhulka gobolka Ryazan wuxuu ka shaqeeyaa mid ka mid ah shirkadaha ugu caansan ee ka shaqeeya baradhada dalka
- CJSC "Warshad Cunto" Miloslavsky ", waa qayb ka mid ah Kooxda Ganacsiga iyo Warshadaha" Kuntsevo ". Marxaladda koowaad waxaa la howlgeliyey Janaayo 2011. Maanta, qalabka lagu rakibay shirkaddu wuxuu u oggolaanayaa soo saarista illaa 550 kg oo jajab baradhada saacaddiiba, keyd baradho ah oo dhan 18 kun oo tan ayaa shaqeynaya.
Flakes waxaa la soo saaray iyada oo aan lagu darin, oo ay ku jiraan dhadhan dabiici ah iyo waxyaabaha barafoobay. Alalosada kombuyuutarrada Miloslavsky waxaa laga iibiyaa magaalada Moscow iyo gobolka Moscow, St. Petersburg, Vladimir, Tver, gobollada Vologda, Krasnodar Territory, Siberiya, Tatarstan, wadamada dhow iyo kuwa fog (Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Poland, Belgium, Chile, Brazil, Argentina) ) Mustaqbalka, waxay qorsheynayaan inay kordhiyaan saldhiga kaydinta baradhada 4,2 jeer iyo awoodda khadka kadhigista laba jeer.
Sannadkii 2014, 16,4 kun oo tan oo baradho ah ayaa la farsameeyay, taasoo qayb ka ah (7,6 kun oo tan) laga soo saaray Ryazan Potato, oo ah shirkad ay iska leedahay beeraha. Dhirtu sidoo kale waxay ka iibsatay alaabada ceeriin beeraha kale ee gobolka. Joogitaanka mashiinka noocan oo kale ah ee gobolka wuxuu siiyaa beeraleyda suuq, ay ku jiraan baradhada yaryar.
- Sidee loo xalliyaa dhibaatada shaqaalaha ka shaqeeya warshadaha?
- Shaqaalayntu waa xaalad lama huraan u ah kobcinta baradhada oo keliya, laakiin warshadaha beeraha oo dhan. Jaamacadda Ryazan State Agrotechnological University oo loogu magac daray V.I. P.A. Kostychev iyo in kabadan 15 xarumood oo waxbarasho gaar ah.
Labadii sano ee la soo dhaafay, waxaan soo helnay isbeddelo wanaagsan oo soo jiidashada dhalinyarada ah: sanadkii 2014, in kabadan 100 xirfadlayaal dhalinyaro ah ayaa u shaqo tagay shirkadaha ganacsiga. Tani waxaa fududaynaya hirgalinta barnaamijka horumarinta reer miyiga ee waara, iyadoo loo eegayo guryeyntaas oo loo dhisay (sanadkii hore 90 qoys ayaa helay lacago bulsheed oo gaaraya ilaa 92% qiimaheeda) iyo kaabayaasha miyiga ayaa la horumariyay, dhammaan tuulooyinka horumarinta isku-dhafan ee adag ayaa la dhisayaa (horey ayey gobolka uga jireen 15). Xirfadlayaasha da 'yarta ah, hal-mar (86600 rubles) iyo gunnooyinka billaha ah (4330 rubles) ayaa ansax ah saddexda sano ee shaqada ugu horreysa.
Shaqaalaha caadiga ah ee dhismaha agro-warshadaha waa inay dareemaan kalsooni mustaqbalka, tani waa macquul markii dadku helaan mushahar wanaagsan shaqadooda. Maanta, gobolka Ryazan, kobaca mushaharku waa mid ka mid ah shuruudaha beeraha si ay uga helaan kabitaan miisaaniyadda. Thanks to habkan, 2014 waxay ahayd suurtagal in lagu gaaro kororka celceliska mushaarka ee warshadaha 13,9% marka loo eego 2013 (ururada beeraha waxay u dhigantaa 17342 RUB, taas oo tilmaan fiican u ah gobolkeena).
- Waa kuwee beeraha waxtarka ugu weyn ka geysta horumarinta baradhada ka baxda gobolka?
- 30ka beerood ee ugu wanaagsan ee baradhada laga helo waxaa kamid ah beer wadareedka loogu magac daray Lenin ee degmada Kasimovsky. Kaalin weyn oo ku saabsan horumarinta baradhada ka baxda gobolka waxaa iska leh beeraha wadajirka ah ee Kasimovsky Zavety Ilyich, Ryazan Avangard LLC, Ryazan Potato CJSC ee degmooyinka Miloslavsky, iyo sidoo kale beeraha cusub ee la sameeyay - AgroSoyuzSpassk LLC iyo Shilovsky Agroholding LLC.
- Wax nooga sheeg qorshayaasha gobolka ee ku aaddan horumarinta baradhada. Maxay yihiin howlaha degdegga ah ee la dejinayo?
Beeraha wadajirka ah oo loo bixiyay Lenin, degmada Kasimovsky - Xubin ka tirsan Ururka Ruushka ee Soosaarayaasha Baradhada. Wuxuu adeegsadaa tikniyoolajiyadda beerashada Yurub, shaqadu si buuxda ayey u farsameysan tahay (laga bilaabo qoditaanka ilaa kala-soocidda dalagga). Bedka ku jira baradhada waa 320 hektar sanadkii. Sanadkii 2014, 9 kun tan oo baradho ah ayaa la goostay iyadoo celcelis ahaan wax soo saarkeedu yahay 281 c / ha. Beerta wadajirka ahi waxay leedahay saldhig casri ah oo lagu kaydiyo, kaas oo u oggolaanaya keydinta iyo iibinta goynta sannadka oo dhan. Avangard LLC, gobolka Ryazan - mid ka mid ah shirkadaha beeraha ee ugu wanaagsan Bartamaha Ruushka. Beertu waa kaladuwan tahay: oo ay weheliso dhaqashada caanaha dhaqanka iyo dhirta, dhirta baradhada iyo beero beerista ayaa soo koraya. Sannadkii 2014, aagga barandhada ku hoos jirtay wuxuu ahaa 327 hektar, 8 kun oo tan ayaa la goostay iyadoo la soo saaray 246 c / ha. Beerta ayaa soo saarta cunno iyo iniin baradho ah. Beeraha Mansurov ee degmada Klepikovsky waxaa la aasaasay 2007. Isku darista sayniska iyo ku dhaqanka, isticmaalka Bacriminta iyo abuur abuur tayo sare leh ayaa mira dhalaya. Sannadkii 2014, dhammaan aagga lagu beeray beerta wuxuu ahaa 370 hektar, oo ka mid ah 140 hektar oo baradho ah. Waxaa la goostay 3 kun oo tan oo wax soo saarkeedu yahay 211 c / ha. Abuurka baradhada ee ay soosaaraan beeralaydu uma baahna xayeysiin gaar ah - xitaa iyaga ayaa uga yimaada gobollada kale ee Ruushka. |
- Jihada ugu weyn ee shaqada mustaqbalka dhow waa kororka acreage iyo mugga wax soo saarka baradhada, abuuritaanka saldhigyo kayd ah oo casri ah, oo ay ku jiraan saldhig iskaashi. Waxaan qorsheyneynaa inaan si firfircoon u soo bandhigno tikniyoolajiyad casri ah oo loogu tala galay baradhada sii kordheysa (muhiimad gaar ah ayaa la saari doonaa isticmaalka fursadaha waraabka - beeraha waaweyn iyo kuwa yar yarba). waxaan u baahannahay inaan dhisno awooddeena dhoofinta.
Tiro yar oo taariikh ah
Bilowgii qarnigii 511aad, 50 nooc oo baradho ah ayaa lagu beeray tuulada Kostino, degmada Ryvnovsky, gobolka Ryazan. Ururintaan ayaa laga been sheegay oo lagu dhuftay Nikolai Yakovlevich Nikitinsky, oo ah mid ka mid ah kuwii ugu horreeyay ee reer Ruushka ah, oo ah dacaayad aamin ah "xasilloonida labaad", oo rumeysnaa inay tahay baradhada ka badbaadin doonta Ruushka gaajada. Dadka casriga ah waxay ugu yeeraan Nikitinsky "boqorka baradhada". Cinwaankuna xaq buu u lahaa. Beertu waxay isticmaashay iniinyo laga helay isgoyska noocyada dibedda laga keeno iyo kuwa gudaha, waxayna ka been sheegtay goosashada aan hore loo maqal (min 150 ilaa XNUMX dheri halkii geed).
Sannadkii 1920, baradhada noocyada "Nikitinsky" ayaa lagu wareejiyay xarunta Korenevskaya (oo hadda ah Machadka Daraasaadka Beeraha ee baradhada) oo hadda laga abaabulay meel u dhow Moscow. Marka baradhada Ryazan waxay bilaabatay taariikhda baradho Soofiyeedka Soofiyeedka.