Sida lagu sheegay warbixin lagu daabacay eLife, hababka difaaca ee ay dhirtu u isticmaasho si ay u aqoonsato ugana jawaabto cayayaanka caadiga ah, diirka, ayaa ka soo baxay hal hidde-side ka soo baxay malaayiin sano, warbixino Boggaga Phys.org.
Daraasad ay sameeyeen saynisyahano Washington ayaa muujiyay in qaar ka mid ah dhirta, sida soybeanka, ay lumiyeen hidde-sidaha difaaca waqti ka dib, laakiin khubaradu waxay soo jeedinayaan in dib-u-soo-celinta hidda-socodka (taranta, injineernimada hidde-socodka) ay ka ilaalin karto dalagga ka goosashada dalagga.
Xaaladda caafimaad ee geedku waxay ku xiran tahay habdhiska difaaca ee uu dhaxlo. Dhirta dhexdeeda, tani waxa ay ka dhigan tahay in la dhaxlo noocyo gaar ah oo ka mid ah daaweeyayaasha aqoonsiga qaabka kuwaas oo ogaan kara cudur-sideyaal kala duwan iyo peptides oo kicin kara jawaab-celin habboon oo difaaca.
Dhaxalashada noocyada saxda ah ee soo-dhowaynta aqoonsiga hannaanka waxay u oggolaan kartaa dhirta inay aqoonsadaan hanjabaadaha oo ay la qabsadaan cudurrada iyo cayayaanka.
Si loo buuxiyo farqigaas, kooxdu waxay dejisay inay aqoonsato dhacdooyinka kobcinta ee u oggolaanaya dhirta inay ka jawaabto khatarta caadiga ah: diirka. Noocyada caleenta ah, oo ay ku jiraan digirta muuska iyo digirta indhaha madow, ayaa horeyba loo ogaa in ay leeyihiin awood gaar ah oo ay uga jawaabaan peptides ee laga soo saaro afkooda diirran marka ay ka soo baxaan caleemaha dhirta.
Saynis yahannadu waxay si faahfaahsan u darseen genom-yada kooxdan dhirta ah si ay u ogaadaan haddii reseptor-ka caanka ah ee aqoonsiga loo yaqaanno inceptin receptor (INR) uu isbeddelay malaayiin sano, isagoo helaya ama luminaya awoodda lagu aqoonsan karo diirrada.
Waxay ogaadeen in hal 28-milyan oo sano jir ah hiddo-wade soo-dhoweynta uu si fiican ugu habboon yahay jawaabta difaaca dhirta ee peptides-ka diirka. Waxay sidoo kale ogaadeen in ka mid ah farcankii awoowayaashii ugu da'da weynaa ee markii ugu horreysay sameeyay hidda-wadaha soo-dhoweynta, ay jiraan noocyo badan oo aan ka jawaabi karin peptides diirka, taas oo ah, waxay lumiyeen hiddahan.
Si loo fahmo sida hiddo-wadahan qadiimka ah u helay awoodda lagu aqoonsado peptides-ka cusub ee jirrooyinka casriga ah, kooxdu waxay adeegsatay farsamo loo yaqaan taxanaha awoowayaasha, taas oo ay ku biiriyeen macluumaadka dhammaan kuwa casriga ah. hiddo-sideyaasha si loo saadaaliyo taxanaha asalka ah ee 28 milyan oo sano. Soo dhaweeye awoowahaan wuxuu awooday inuu ka jawaabo peptides diirka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, nooc ka yara da' weyn oo leh 16 isbeddello ah oo isku xigxiga soo-dhoweynta ayaa ku guuldareystay.
Tani taariikhda hidde-sidaha, oo ay weheliso moodooyinka kombuyuutarrada oo muujinaya sida qaab-dhismeedyada soo-dhowaynta qadiimka ah iyo kuwa casriga ah ay u kala duwanaan karaan, waxay bixiyaan tilmaamo ku saabsan sida soo-qabayuhu u horumaray. Tani waxay soo jeedinaysaa in in ka badan 32 milyan oo sano ka hor, galinta hiddo-wadaha cusub ee muhiimka ah lagu soo bandhigay genome-ka geedka awoowayaasha, oo ay ku xigto isbeddel degdeg ah oo noocyo kala duwan ah oo soo-dhoweeyaha cusub. Mid ka mid ah qaababkan ayaa helay awoodda ay uga jawaabaan peptides diirka, awooddan cusubna waxaa hadda la wadaaga daraasiin ka mid ah noocyada legume faraca.
Mustaqbalka, saynisyahannadu waxay rajeynayaan inay wax badan ka bartaan hababka heerka-genome-ka ee soo saara kala duwanaanta soo-dhoweynta cusub oo ay aqoonsadaan kuwa aan weli la garanayn difaaca difaaca ee kooxaha dhirta. Sida aad iyo aad u badan Marka la eego xogta genomic, hababka noocan oo kale ah ayaa lagu aqoonsan lahaa soo-dhoweeyayaasha "maqan" kuwaas oo ah sifooyin waxtar leh oo dib loogu soo celinayo dhirta si ay uga caawiyaan ilaalinta dalagyada.