Xiliga 2021 ayaa dhamaanaya, beeraha baradhada, kuwaas oo xilli ciyaareedkan markii ugu horeysay loo adeegsaday fungicides-ka cusub ee Zorvek® Encanthia, oo ay diwaangalisay shirkadda cilmi-baarista caalamiga ah ee Corteva Agriscience, ayaa diyaar u ah inay la wadaagaan fikradahooda ku saabsan isticmaalka daroogada. Maqaalkan, wakiillada Latkin LLC, oo ah shirkad wareeg ah oo buuxda iyo mid ka mid ah soo saarayaasha baradhada ee gobolka Nizhny Novgorod, ayaa ka hadli doona waayo-aragnimadooda xakamaynta cudurrada baradhada.
Sida laga soo xigtay FGBNU VNIIF, caabuqa goor dambe iyo goor hore ayaa ah cudurada ugu khatarta badan ee baradhada ma aha oo kaliya Ruushka, laakiin sidoo kale dibadda.
In ka badan 4 bilyan oo Yuuro ayaa lagu qiyaasaa in ay sannad kasta wax-soosaarka dalagga caalamka ka soo gaarto caabuqyadan iyo kharashka lagula dagaallamo.
Dhanka OOO Latkin, baradhada ayaa ah dalagga ugu muhiimsan ee wareegga dalagga. Tiknoolajiyada beeraheedu waa heer aad u sarreeya: waraabka ayaa lagu dabaqaa, mashiinnada wax-soo-saarka beeraha ee horumarsan ayaa la isticmaalaa, oo ka shaqeynaya hababka beeraha saxda ah; xarumaha kaydinta baradhada ee ku qalabaysan nidaamyada cimilada ee tooska ah waxay u oggolaanayaan kaydinta ilaa 40 kun oo tan oo badeecooyin ah ku dhawaad hal sano iyada oo aan lumin dhadhanka iyo tayada ganacsiga.
Dhaqaaluhu wuxuu sii wadaa inuu si firfircoon u horumaro, isagoo kordhinaya aagga baradhada hoostiisa ku dhawaad sannad kasta. Sidaa darteed, haddii bilawga safarka - 2002 - beero ayaa qabsaday 200 hektar, ka dibna 2021, 1 hektar ayaa horeyba loogu qoondeeyay baradhada. Mugga ugu weyn ee xilli ciyaareedkan, ilaa 900 hektar, ayaa lagu qabsaday noocyada kala duwan Gala, waxa kale oo jiray beero noocyo kala duwan oo Krona ah, Vega, Vineta. Inta badan waa baradho alaab ah, oo ay ku jiraan shabakadaha, laakiin sidoo kale waxaa jira mid yar
mugga baradhada ee farsamaynta (wax soo saarka baradho diiray oo faaruq ah), iyo sidoo kale walxaha abuur. Dhammaan alaabooyinka waxaa lagu koray waraabka, taas oo, sida uu qabo madaxa beeraha ee ganacsiga, Alexei Chudokvasov, wuxuu noqday mid ka mid ah qalabka ugu muhiimsan ee beerta si loo kordhiyo tirada iyo tayada dalagga.
"Dhibaatada caabuqa goor dambe iyo nabarrada hore aad ayay u khuseeyaan gobolkayaga: sayaxa culus ee bilaabma bisha Luulyo waxay si dhab ah uga sii daraan xaaladda fayoobida ee beeritaanka. Laakiin nasiib wanaag, sannadihii shaqada ee warshadaha, dhaqaaluhu wuxuu sameeyay xeelado lagu xakameynayo caabuqyadan, - ayuu yidhi Alexei Chudokvasov. - Waxay ka kooban tahay hab ka hortag ah iyo daaweyn ka hortag ah oo leh fungicides habaysan."
Maria Kuznetsova, Madaxa Waaxda Cudurada Dalagyada Khudaarta ee Machadka Cilmi-baarista ee Ruushka oo dhan ee Phytopathology, ayaa sidoo kale ka hadlaysa muhiimada weyn ee doorashada saxda ah ee daroogada iyo xilliga koritaanka dalagga ee daaweynta: "Waxsoosaarayaal badan oo beeraley ah inta lagu jiro xilliga koritaanka baradhada firfircoon, halkii ay isticmaali lahaayeen diyaarinta habaysan, waxay isticmaalaan kuwa xiriiriya oo aan ilaalinayn koritaanka cusub. Isla mar ahaantaana, waxaa jira dawooyin aad u yar oo ilaalin kara korriinka cusub inta lagu jiro xilliga koritaanka firfircoon, labadaba adduunka iyo Ruushka. "
"Marka laga soo tago asalka tiro yar oo dawooyin nidaamsan ah oo ka diiwaangashan Ruushka cudurka daba-dheeraada iyo baradhada hore, muuqaalka Zorvek® Enkantiya waa dhacdo aad loo sugayo oo muhiim u ah warshadaha", - waxay tixgelisaa madaxa beeraha ee Latkin LLC.
Fungicides-ka cusub wuxuu ku salaysan yahay maaddooyinka firfircoon ee famoxadone (300 g/l) iyo oxathiapiproline (30 g/l). Famoxadone waa xakameynta neefsashada gacanta oo xannibaysa shaqada ubiquinone ee kakanaanta saddexaad ee silsiladda neefsiga ee mitochondria ee unugyada fangas. Waa qayb xiriir ah oo ka mid ah diyaarinta, waxay si adag u xirtaa jeexjeexyada waxaana lagu kaydiyaa lakabka waxy ee caleemaha. Oxathiapiproline, qaybta nidaamka,
waxay u shaqeysaa oxysterol, borotiinka xira, xannibaadda taas oo marka hore keenta in la joojiyo koritaanka mycelium ee fungus iyo tuubooyinka jeermiska ee kudka iyo ka dib dhimashada fungus. Ma laha wax iska caabin ah oo leh maaddooyinka firfircoon ee jira.
Faa'iidooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee cusub waxaa ka mid ah caabbinta dhaqidda iyo bixinta ilaalinta inta lagu jiro xilliyada koritaanka dalagyada xooggan. Daroogadu waxay bilaabataa ficilkeeda waxayna leedahay iska caabin roobka ka dib 20 daqiiqo oo kaliya ka dib daaweynta.
Saacad ka dib, kaliya 12-15% daroogada ayaa ku sii jirta dusha la daaweeyay, in ka badan 80% waxay ku xiran tahay dhunka cuticle, 3-5% waxay ku xiran tahay booska intercellular, taas oo ay ugu wacan tahay iska caabinta ugu sareysa ee dhaqidda.
Sababtoo ah dhaqdhaqaaqa nidaamka ee walxaha firfircoon, heer sare oo ilaalinta koritaanka cusub ee caleemaha dalagyada la beeray ayaa la hubiyaa. Tijaabooyin laga sameeyay dalal badan oo Yurub ah ayaa muujiyay in saamaynta ilaalinta Zorvek® Enkantiya ay ku leedahay xaaladaha cudurrada faafa.
Taariikhdu waxay sii socotaa 3-4 maalmood in ka badan marka loo eego daawooyinka kale ee loogu talagalay in lagu xakameeyo cudurrada ay keenaan
oomycetes.
Zorvec® Enkantia waxay leedahay saameyn muuqata oo liddi ku ah sporulant, ie, awoodda ka hortagga sporulation ee caabuqa jira, taas oo ka caawisa in laga fogaado infekshanka labaad, kor u qaadaya ilaalinta guud ee geedka.
Sannadkan, 160 hektar oo meelaha waraabka ah oo ay qabsadeen noocyada kala duwan ee Gala ayaa lagu daweeyay fungicide cusub oo ka yimid Corteva ee shirkadda LLC Latkin. Daaweynta waxaa lagu sameeyay hal mar marxaladda xiritaanka dusha sare ee caadiga ah 0,5 l / ha. Iyada oo qayb ka ah waayo-aragnimada, laba qorshe ilaalin ayaa la is barbardhigay: diyaarinta labaad, Zorvek® Enkantia waxaa lagu beddelay nidaam iyo fungicide xiriir ah oo ku salaysan mancozeb (640 g/l) iyo mefenoxam
(40 g/kg).
"In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in labada ikhtiyaarba ay muujiyeen waxtarka sare ee xakameynta caabuqa, aagga Zorvek® Enkantia ee laga soo shaqeeyay ayaa ahaa mid cagaar ah wakhtiga qallajinta, taas oo muuqaal ahaan la dareemayo oo la xaqiijiyay NDVI index. Waxaa intaa dheer, kororka wax-soo-saarka 4 t / ha ayaa sidoo kale lagu xusay halkan - 50 t / ha oo ka dhan ah 46 t / ha ee xakamaynta, taas oo u muuqata mid dhaqaale ahaan faa'iido leh gudaha xilliga., - khabiirka beeraleyda ganacsiga ayaa la wadaagay natiijada.
"Zorvek® Enkantia waa daawo rajo leh oo loogu talagalay beeralayda baradhada, taas oo lagu xaqiijiyay waayo-aragnimada beerteena. Sannadaha soo socda, waxaan sii wadi doonnaa inaan si dhow u eegno daawada oo aan tijaabino tijaabooyin cusub oo ku saabsan noocyo kala duwan iyo qaabab kala duwan si aan si buuxda u qiimeyno awooddeeda, " ayuu khabiirku hadalkiisa ku soo xidhay.
OOO Korteva Agriscience Rus
344022, Rostov-on-Don,
st. Suvorova, 91, Dabaqa 6aad
Goobta: corteva.ru
E-mailka: cpp.russia@corteva.com