Baradhadu - waxaad beeratid, waad goosataa. Maxaa la raadiyaa marka la kobcayo rootiga labaad si loo gaaro wax soo saar sarreeya
Sannadkii 2018, 28 nooc oo baradho ah ayaa lagu beeray gobolka Vladimir, kuwaas oo ka mid ah qadarka ugu badan wuxuu ahaa noocyo ay ka mid yihiin: Lady Claire (1890,5 tan), Brook (1547 tan), Luck (1000 tan), Newton (425 tan), Hermes (373 tan), Saturn (275 tan), Rosara (249 tan).
Khubaro ka socota degmada iyo waaxyada dhexe ee FSBI Rosselkhoztsentr laanta Vladimir Region ayaa hubiyay 8107,4 tan oo ah miraha abuurka baradho, kuwaas oo 6128,4 tan (76%) ay shuruudo ku xiran yihiin. Marka la barbardhigo, isla muddadaas sanadkii la soo dhaafay, 7135,3 tan oo ah abuurka baradho la tijaabiyey ayaa laga xisaabiyey, kuwaas oo 63% keliya ay ahaayeen shuruudo shuruudo ku xiran.
Xaddiga ugu badan ee abuurka abuurku waa Melenkovsky (2872 tan), Gus-Khrustalny (1485 tan), Murom (1300 ton). Guud ahaan, gobolka waxaa la siiyay baradho abuur ah 78% asal ahaanna waa 1-2 wax soo saarid (RS1-RS2 4648 tan).
Khabiiro ku takhasusay Xarunta Beeraha ee Ruushka ayaa go'aamiya tayada baradhada iyadoo la adeegsanayo falanqaynta qaaxada, oo ay kujirto baaritaanka digriiga jiritaanka cudurrada fayras iyo bakteeriyada, iyo sidoo kale lahaanshaha noocyo gaar ah.
Sawirku wuxuu muujinayaa falanqaynta qaaxada ee baradhada Lady Claire oo leh cayayaan ...
... iyo qudhun qalalan baradhada.
Bilowga xilli xagaaga cusub, takhasuslayaasha Vladimir Rosselkhoztsentr waxay xasuusinayaan baahida loo qabo in la beddelo iyo noocyo kala duwan oo casriyeyn ah.
Isbeddelka noocyada kala duwan ayaa loo baahan yahay haddii ay dhacdo ku qanacsanaanta tayada noocyada kala duwan ee loo isticmaalo. Tusaale ahaan, waxay u nugulnaan kartaa cudurrada, waxsoosaarka hoose iyo astaamaha dhadhanka, iwm. Laakiin haddii noocyo kaladuwan ay si buuxda u qanciyaan, ka dib waa in loo cusboonaysiiyaa xilli xilliyeed si looga fogaado calaamadaha aan fiicnayn ee soo baxa inta lagu guda jiro taranka. Markaa sannadihii ugu horreeyay ee wax soo saarista, kala duwanaanshuhu waxay leeyihiin ugu badnaan hidde.
Si kastaba ha noqotee, dhibaatada wax soo saarka hooseeya waxay ku kici kartaa xitaa xulashada saxda ah ee noocyada iyo taranka. Xaaladdan oo kale, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la hubiyo ciidda jiritaanka finka ee baradho baradho nematode (lat.Globodera rostochiensis).
Gobolka Vladimir, foci of baradho baradho nematode ayaa lagu aqoonsaday 12 degmo (Aleksandrovsky, Gus-Khrustalny, Kameshkovsky, Kirzhachsky, Kolchuginsky, Kovrovsky, Melenkovsky, Muromsky, Petushinsky, Sobinsky, Sudogodsky, Suzdals,) Amarada uu bixiyay Gudoomiyaha Gobolka Vladimir, karantiil ayaa lagu soo rogay dhulalkaas.
Dheecaanada baradhada ee baradhada ayaa ka mid ah cudurada halista ah ee dalaggan qiimaha leh. Dhanka, calaamadaha cudurka waxaa lagu muujiyey hoos u dhac koritaanka dhirta horey usameysay marxaladaha hore ee loo yaqaan 'origenesis', dusha sare ee dushooda oo qallajinaya hoose iyo engegida caleemaha sare, curdinka jirridda. Xididdada dhirta cudurka qaba waa midab bunni ah, kana gaaban kii caadiga ahaa waxayna leeyihiin xididdo badan oo dambe oo dambe. Sidaa darteed, warshadda ayaa la il daran biyo iyo nafaqo la'aan.
Markaad fiirineyso beeruhu, fikirka 'glauberosis' badanaa waxay ku yaalliin qaab mid ama ka badan dhibco leh doog cagaaran oo dulman. Beerashada sanadlaha ah ee noocyo baradho u nugul karo oo laga soo bilaabo bilowga cudurka illaa iyo waqtiga aragtida muuqaalka ee dillaaca cudurka waxay qaadataa 5-6 sano.
Iyada oo ay kordhayso heerka cudurka, dalagga baradho ayaa hoos udhaca, tayadiisa ayaa sii xumaata (tirada iyo culayska digriiga ayaa hoos udhaca). Boqolkiiba istaarijka iyo qaddarka fiitamiin C-ga ee digriiga si weyn ayaa loo dhimay. Yaraanta dalagga ee cudurka baradhada celcelis ahaan celcelis ahaan 10%, iyo xarumaha waxyeello weyn u geedaha baradho ah by nematode, 30 ilaa 60% ama in ka badan. Xaaladaha noocaas ah, duulaanka nematode ee baradho ah waxaa badanaa sii xumeeya ficillada sheyga isku-dhafka ah ee 'pathogenic microorganisms', bakteeriyada, fayraska, iyo fangaska.
Dagaalka ka dhanka ah nematode baradho ah waa mid aad u adag sababta oo ah dulinku waafajinta xaaladaha nolosha, sida, takhasuska ciriiriga ah ee globera (qoyska habeyn), muddo dheer (10-15 sanadood) xasilooni darro xagga maqnaanshaha warshadda.
Wareejin dalaggu waa hab wax ku ool ah oo lagula dagaallamo nematodes baradho. Carrada cudurka qabta, baradhada ayaa la koray ugu badnaan 4-5 sano kadib. Waxaa fiican inaad baradho beddelato oo leh dalagyo aan saameynin noocyada noocan ah (kaabash, dhir, geedo go'ay, dill, salaar, digir, digir, iwm).
Beerista wax ku oolka ah ee noocyo hore. Xaaladdan oo kale, khasaaraha dalagga ayaa la yareeyay, maadaama inta lagu gudajiro goos goosku hore uunan haysan waqti uu ku dhammaystiro wareegga noloshiisa oo uu siiyo farcan. Beerista noocyo baradho nematoderesistant waxay yareyn kartaa faddaraynta carrada iyadoo la adeegsanayo nematode 85-90%. (Nematode parasitic of dhirta iyo cayayaanka / Waxaa tafatirey M.D. Sonin - M.: Nauka. 2004.)
Waqtiga xaadirka ah, waxaa jira ilaa 257 nematodeustivny, oo lagu qoondeeyay gobolka Bartamaha (oo ay ku jiraan gobolka Vladimir) noocyo kala duwan (Diiwaanka Gobolka ee guulaha xulashada, loo oggolaaday in la isticmaalo https://reestr.gossort.com/).
Waxaa ka mid ah, noocyada ugu caansan oo kala ah: Openwork, Barin, Breeze, Vectar Belorussky, Qarax, Vineta, Gala, Impala, Labella, Latona, Lady Claire, Manifesto, Meteor, Ragneda, Red Scarlett, Saturn, Scarb, Luck, Uladar iyo kuwa kale.
(Qoraa: Potapova Irina - oo ah hormoodka cilmiga cilmiga beeraha ee waaxda soo saarista abuurka, khabiirka xiriirka dadweynaha ee laanta Hay'adda Miisaaniyadda Dowladda Federaalka "Rosselkhoztsentr" ee gobolka Vladimir).
Si buuxda u aqri: https://www.agroxxi.ru/zhurnal-agromir-xxi/stati-rastenievodstvo/nazvany-samye-populjarnye-sorta-kartofelja-vo-vladimirskoi-oblasti.html