Waa maxay fursadaha ay bixiso taranta baradhada iyo sida loo beddelo noocyada qaaliga ah ee dibadda laga keeno iyo isku-dhafka? Tani waxay noqotay mawduuca ugu muhiimsan ee cilmi-baarista iyo siminaarka wax-soo-saarka ee lagu qabtay Machadka Cilmi-baarista ee Koonfurta Ural ee Beeraha iyo Koritaanka Baradhada (YUUNIISK). Saynis yahanadu waxay soo bandhigeen noocyo cusub oo baradho ah iyo teknoolajiyada ka hortagga dhirta iyo cayayaanka.
Ku cusub durdurka
Madaxa Machadka Nikolai Glaz soo bandhigay noocyo baradho ah oo ay koolkooliyeen YUUNIISK, kuwaas oo hadda maraya tijaabooyin kala duwan oo gobolka ah.
"Mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu muhiimsan ee taranta noo waa abuurista noocyo ku habboon warshadaynta," ayuu yidhi. - Tusaale ahaan, noocyada cusub ee "Zakhar" ayaa muujinaya natiijooyin horudhac ah oo wanaagsan oo tijaabooyin kala duwan ah. Waxaa jirta rajo dhab ah oo laga qabo in la kala saari doono. Iyo noocyada "Kashtak" waxaa loo gudbiyay imtixaanka gobolka 2018. Faa'iidooyinkeeda waxaa ka mid ah wax-soo-saar sare, maadaama ay tahay nooc degdeg ah oo kala duwan.
Sida laga soo xigtay saynisyahano, sanadkan nooc cusub "albatross" ayaa loo diyaarinayaa in lagu tijaabiyo Kormeeraha Kala duwan ee Gobolka. Faa'iidada ugu weyni waa iska caabbinta kansarka, nematode iyo cudurrada kale ee dhirta. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxay leedahay wax-soo-saarka rikoodhka - 50 tan halkii hektar, content starch high - 18%, dhadhan fiican iyo badbaado.
"Waxaa ka mid ah daahfurka ugu muhiimsan ee taranta casriga ah waa abuurista noocyo leh maqaar midab leh iyo saxarka tuber midab leh," ayuu yiri Nikolai Glaz. - Beeralaydayadu waxay sidoo kale dhaleen noocyadan baradhada ah, waxaan qorsheyneynaa inaan u gudbino si loo tijaabiyo mustaqbalka dhow.
Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, noocyada sida "kuzovok", "jijin", "cavalier", "itsil" ayaa lagu beeray YuUNIISK. Horeba natiijooyinka ugu horreeya ee tijaabooyinka kala duwan waxay muujiyeen caabbinta sare ee cudurrada iyo ilaalinta wanaagsan.
Tayada abuurka sare ee baradhada beeritaanka waxaa lagu xaqiijiyaa soo kabashada meristem iyadoo la adeegsanayo tignoolajiyada loo yaqaan 'micropropagation technology' ee ka soo baxa gabal caleen ah, taas oo suurtogal u ah in laga takhaluso microbes iyo cudurada dhirta.
Beddel "ajnabiga"
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, guud ahaan, cusboonaysiinta kala duwan ayaa dhibaato halis ah ku ah beeralayda baradhada ee gobolka. Maanta, 25 nooc oo baradho ah ayaa laga beeraa gobolka Chelyabinsk, kuwaas oo shan ka mid ah kaliya loo qoondeeyay aagga cimilada. Tani waa inta badan noocyada "Nevsky", sannadihii la soo dhaafay waxaa si dhab ah loogu beddelay Dutch iyo Jarmal "Red Scarlett", "Romano", "Rosara". Noocyada gudaha ee lagu beeray YUUNIISK ilaa hadda waxay haystaan qayb yar oo beero ah: tusaale ahaan, "tarasov" - 22 hektar, "spiridon" - kaliya 5 hektar.
Sida laga soo xigtay beeralayda, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la kordhiyo wax soo saarka miraha baradhada ee xulashada gudaha, tan iyo Beelaha shisheeye si dhakhso ah u xumaadaan iyo walxaha abuurka waa in dib loo soo iibsadaa dibadda. Bilaw ayaa la sameeyay: saynisyahannadu waxay soo saareen noocyo kala duwan oo noocyo cusub ah, siyaabo badan oo aan ka hoosayn kuwa ajnabiga ah.
Gobolka Chelyabinsk, wax soo saarka baradhada ayaa inta badan ku urursan meelaha ku hareeraysan - Argayashsky, Sosnovsky iyo Krasnoarmeisky. Sida la sheegay Yury Zasypkin, Madaxa Waaxda Wax-soo-saarka Dalagga iyo Noocyada Yaryar ee Maareynta Wasaaradda Beeraha ee Gobolka, marka loo eego saadaasha, ilaa 120 kun oo tan oo baradho ah ayaa la beeri doonaa sanadkan. Tani, iyada oo la tixgelinayo badeecooyinka laga keeno gobollada deriska ah, waxay ku filan tahay in ay bixiso dhinacyada bulshada iyo dadweynaha gobolka. Sannadkii hore, kaliya ururada iyo beeraha baradhada beera ayaa koray oo guray 146 oo tan oo baradho ah.
- 20-kii sano ee la soo dhaafay, tani waa goos goos rikoor u ah gobolka, - ayuu yiri ku-simaha. Wasiir ku xigeenka koowaad ee beeraha gobolka Alexander Zavalishchin. - Tiradan, 40 kun oo tan oo baradho ah ayaa loo dhoofiyaa iib meel ka baxsan gobolka. Kor u kaca wax soo saarku, beeralaydayada waxaa soo food saartay dhibaatada iibinta tubers. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in iibsadayaasha, silsiladaha tafaariiqda aysan ku qanacsanayn wax. Waa lagama maarmaan in la falanqeeyo xaaladda suuqa oo la sameeyo codsi saynisyahano si ay u abuuraan noocyo cusub oo baahida suuqa ah.
Source: https://up74.ru/