Maria Erokhova, Baaraha Sare, FGBNU VNIIF
Maria Kuznetsova, Madaxa Waaxda Cudurrada baradhada iyo khudradda, musharraxa cilmiga bayoolajiga, FGBNU VNIIF
Sii wadida walxaha. Bilow: Baradhada Yato-baradhada: soo koobid macluumaadka ugu dambeeyay
Dhawaan, fayrasyadu waxay noqdeen cuduro baradho ah oo aad waxyeello u leh Ruushka.
Markay ahayd Abriil 14, 2020, World Potato Congress waxay martigelisay webinar cinwaankiisu yahay "Potato Virus: Macluumaadkii ugu dambeeyay". Duubista webinar-ka Ingriisiga ee baraha bulshada ayaa horey loogu dhajiyay bogga Kontaroolka baradhada adduunka.
Martida webinar wuxuu ahaa Dr. Alexander Karasev. Waa nin ku taqasusay cilmiga phytovirusology. Alexander Karasev wuxuu ka qaatay shahaadada Ph.D. ee cilmiga cilmiga bayoolajiga ah oo uu ka qaatay jaamacada Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov ugu weyn ee cudurka virology. Laga soo bilaabo 2006, wuxuu ka shaqeynayay Jaamacadda Idaho (USA).
Intii lagu gudajiray webinar, Dr. Karasev wuxuu fiiro gaar ah siiyay tilmaanta fayrasyada dhaqaala ahaan muhiimad weyn leh, kuwaas oo uu ku magacaabay Baradhadu y-virus, baradho caleen baradho ah (PLRV) Fayras sigaar-caba (TRV) iyo barafka sare ee baradhada (PMTV).
Saynisyahanku wuxuu xusey in fayraska dusha sare ee baradho uu sababayo jaale ubaxyada caleemaha, gaar ahaan kuwa hoose, iyo sidoo kale astaamaha V-qaabeeya qaybaha caleenta. Intaa waxaa dheer, PMTV waxay keenaysaa caleemaha oo gaabiyey. Noocyo qaar ka mid ah digriiga waxay ka samaysan yihiin xargo ubax guduudan oo gudaha ah. Necrosis waxaa laga yaabaa ama laga yaabo inaan lagu arki dusha digriiga. Haddii digriiga ay saameysay la beeray, fayraska waxaa lagu kala qaadaa in ka yar kala bar digriiga gabadha.
Diyaaradda PMTV waa Spongospora dhulka hoostiisa f. sp. dhulka hoostiisa.
Fayraska tubaakada tubaakada ee caleemaha ayaa u muuqan kara mottling khafiif ah, laakiin astaamahaas marwalba lama soo sheego. Dheecaanka digriiga, TRV wuxuu u muuqan karaa sida necrotic xariijimo iyo dhibco jidhka ka mid ah. Darnaanta astaamaha way kala duwanaan karaan. Digriiga infekshinka badan ee loo yaqaan 'TRV' ee cudurka qabta waxay keenaan dhir aan lahayn fayraska. TRV waxaa loo qaybiyaa nematodes. Horumarka nematode waxaa door bidiyay ciid ciid ah. Waxay ku fidaan dusha sare ee biyaha iyo markii ay socdaan ciidda.
Marka dhirta ay saameyso fayraska curl ee baradho baradho, nabar caleen ayaa dhaca. Waxaa laga yaabaa inay casaan noqdaan ama isu rogaan casaan. Dhirtu waxay noqdaan midab huruud ah, koritaankooduna gaabiyaa. Midab buluug ah ayaa ku samaysma digriiga ku yaal gobolka guluubka vascular. Astaamaha noocan ah ee digriiga waxaa loo yaqaan "net necrosis." Ilaha caabuqa waa digriiga abuurka, “dhir iskaa wax u qabso ah”, intaa waxaa dheer, PLRV waa loo dulqaadan karaa cagaaran miro aphid.
Waxaa xusid mudan in fayrasyada baradho ee ku taxan (virus-Y-virus, virus curl leaf baradho, virus virus pan pan panless virus iyo tubaakada qafiska tubaakada) ee sannadka 2019 ay heleen heerka cayayaanka aan xakamayn karin ee baradhada abuur ee Midowga Yurub, taas oo kicineysa qaadashada talaabooyin xakamayn adag oo ka dhan ah iyaga. ee dalalka Yurub.
Iyada oo qayb ka ah ilaalinta isku dhafan, qoraaga webinar wuxuu soo jeediyay in meesha laga saaro ilaha caabuqa asaasiga ah, xakameynta unugyada, nadaafadda saxda ah inta lagu gudajiro shaqada iyo farsamada gacanta, beerista noocyo iska caabin ah iyo adeegsiga wax abuur caafimaad oo shahaadaysan oo ka koray barandho meristemic.