Maria Erokhova, MD, waaxda cudurrada baradhada iyo khudradda, FGBNU VNIIF
Maria Kuznetsova, Madaxa Waaxda Dhirta Khudaarta iyo Khudaarta, FGBNU VNIIF
Dhawaan, fayrasyadu waxay noqdeen cuduro baradho ah oo aad waxyeello u leh Ruushka. Qaar badan oo ka mid ah fayrasyadan (tusaale ahaan, virus Y-baradhada) waxaa loo aqoonsaday inay yihiin nidaamyo sharciyeeysan oo ka kooban baradhada abuur ee Midowga Yurub sannadka 2019.
1Bishii Abriil 4, 2020, World Potato Congress waxay martigelisay webinar cinwaankiisu yahay "Potato Virus: Macluumaadkii ugu dambeeyay". Galitaanka webinar ee Ingiriisiga ayaa horey loogu dhajiyay websaydhka Kontaroolka baradhada adduunka marin furan.
Martida webinar wuxuu ahaa Dr. Alexander Karasev. Waa nin ku taqasusay cilmiga phytovirusology. Alexander Karasev wuxuu ka qaatay shahaadada Ph.D. ee cilmiga cilmiga bayoolajiga ah oo uu ka qaatay jaamacada Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov, oo ugu weyn Virology. Laga soo bilaabo 2006, wuxuu ka shaqeynayay Jaamacadda Idaho (USA). Shaqadiisa cilmi baarista, Dr. Karasev wuxuu si gaar ah fiiro gaar ah u siiyaa daraasadda baraha Y-virus.
Intii lagu gudajiray webinar, Dr. Karasev wuxuu xustay in barandhada Y-virus ay la xiriirto potiviruses (Potyvirus). Sida fayraska oo dhan, fayrasku waa noole dulman oo awood u leh inuu iskaa wax uyeelo oo keliya unugyada dhirta martida loo yahay ee ka yimaada qoyska hablaha. Cudurka ubaxa wuxuu ku kaydsan yahay digriiga abuurka iyo “geedaha iskaa wax u qabso”. Fayraska 'Y-virus' waxaa lagu kala qaadi karaa si farsamo ahaan ah, iyo sidoo kale "vector" - oo loo mari karo sheybaarka cayayaanka Cayayaanka noocan oo kale ah ee loogu talagalay fayraska Y waa aphids-ka oo u gudbiya hab aan joogto ahayn.
Alexander Karasev wuxuu carrabka ku adkeeyay in fayraska 'Y' uu yahay cudur faafa oo aad u waxyeelo badan, maadaama uu sababayo khasaare toos ah oo xagga beeraha ah. Waxaa la aasaasay in marka pathogen uu saameeyo 1% aagga baradho baradhada, beeralleygu wuxuu luminayaa $ 17 hektarkiiba. Sannadkii 2008, 1% waxyeelada baradhada ayaa gaadhay US $ 6,3 milyan. Intaa waxaa sii dheer, marka dhaqanka uu dhaawaco, tayada digriiga ayaa lumay sababtuna tahay horumarka calaamadaha cudurka necrotic sanadlaha ah ee digriiga baradhada dushooda. Astaamaha cudurku kuma eka kaliya digriiga, laakiin sidoo kale caleemaha, kuwaas oo noqdaan mosaic, duuduuban. Iyada oo horumar weyn oo cudurka ah, koritaanka dhirta uu hoos u dhigo.
Saynisyahanku wuxuu xusey in noocyada baradhada ay ku kala duwan yihiin iska caabbinta fayraska Y. Waqtiga xaadirka ah, qaar ka mid ah macluumaadka shisheeye ee noocyo baradho ah ayaa leh macluumaad ku saabsan qiimeynta la qiimeeyay ee iska caabbinta noocyada noocyada fangaska, nee-mareenka cyst-sameynta (Pale Globodera cudurada noocan ah Pa 2/3, 1, Globodera rostochiensis Ro1), iyo waliba faayras. Tusaale waxaa ah “Keydka macluumaadka noocyada baradhada” (AHD baradho AHDB, UK).
Dhamaadka webinar, Dr. Karasev wuxuu u soo jiiday dareenka dhagaystayaasha xaqiiqada ah in tallaabooyinka lagula dagaallamayo baradho Y-virus ay yihiin adeegsiga baradhada abuur la aqoonsan yahay (oo ay ku jiraan baradhada meristem caafimaad leh), beerista noocyo iska caabin ah, iyo nidaamka saxda ah ee nadaafadda ee shaqada iyo farsamada gacanta.