Baradhada ku jirta beeraha gobalkeenu waa kuwo qalaad sida bariiska ama suufka. Waqtiyadii Soofiyeedka, waxay ku hawlanaayeen beeraha gobolka sababtoo ah cunto la'aan guud. Maxaa ka dhigaya beeralayda inay qaataan digriiga aan loo baahnayn dabeecadda maxalliga ah hadda?
Meelaha ugu weyn ee baradhada hoos yimaada waxay ku yaalaan degmada Gorodishchensky. Sannadkii hore waxa laga beeray halkaas 1293 hektar waxaana la soo go’ay 42 kun oo tan. Goynta aaggan cimiladu iyo carrada xabadka fudud ayaa aad uga wanaagsan, marka la barbardhigo sannadkii hore, si weyn ayay u kortay.
Tusaale ahaan, mid ka mid ah beeraha ugu waaweyn 2018, khidmadaha hektarkiiba kama dhaafin 225 senter - hadda waxay soo sheegeen 393 senti.
"Beeralayda dib ugama aysan dhicin kobaca wax-soo-saarka," ayuu yiri Matvey Konyashin, madaxa waaxda beeraha iyo deegaanka ee maamulka degmada Gorodishchensky. - Tusaale ahaan, Dmitry Kobzev wuxuu helay 200 senti halkii hektar sanad ka hor, oo hadda tiradani waxay gaadhay 350!
Dabcan, tani waxay qayb ahaan sabab u tahay hirgelinta tignoolajiyada casriga ah, isticmaalka bacriminta iyo qalabka ilaalinta, laakiin waxa ugu muhiimsan waa in xilli ciyaareedkii hore waraabinta la kordhiyay laba toddobaad, sidaas darteed natiijadu waxay kor u kacday. Taasi waa, in 2018, Volgogradmeliovodkhoz dhamaystiray waraabka September 1, iyo 2019 - on 15.
Beeraha Gorodishche waxay isticmaalaan waraabka rusheynta iyo faleebada labadaba. Mid kastaa wuxuu leeyahay faa'iidooyin u gaar ah, kuwaas oo la qabsaday waxa, iyo guud ahaan, beeralayda baradhada maxaliga ah waxay leeyihiin waayo-aragnimo badan, qaar ka mid ah waxay leeyihiin tan iyo wakhtiyadii Soofiyeedka, waxayna si buuxda u isticmaalaan xaaladahan adag. Madaxa waaxda beeraha ayaa kalsooni ku qaba in gobolku uu sii wadi doono inuu qabto jagada hogaaminta ee warshadahan.
Toban sano si ay u noolaadaan
Cimilada iyo xaaladaha cimilada ee degmada Leninsky ayaa aad uga sii daran, laakiin halkan sidoo kale, baradhada ayaa bilaabay inay xidid yeeshaan. Beeralayda Vladimir Vybornov wuxuu noqday mid ka mid ah hormuudka arrintan.
"Xitaa kuleylkeena, waraabka, adoo isticmaalaya sanduuqa abuurka elite iyo super-elite, waa suurtogal in la helo goosashada," Vladimir Vladimirovich ayaa aaminsan oo sheegay in beeritaanka uu isticmaalo noocyada "Evolved" - hore dhexdhexaad ah, wax-soosaar sare leh, maqaarka cas.
Vladimir Vybornov, oo ah musharaxa cilmiga beeraha, ayaa sidoo kale ogaaday faa'iidooyinka cimilada kulul: halkan ma jiraan cuduro baradho ah, iyo cayayaanka ayaa ah ugu yaraan. Laakiin waxa ku saabsan baradho baradho Colorado?
Beeralayda ayaa aaminsan in tani aysan ahayn waxa ugu xun. Wuxuu ku beeraa baradhada laba-labo, isaga oo ku daaweynaya herbicide joogto ah - tani waxay dishaa ma aha oo kaliya cayayaanka waxyeellada leh, laakiin sidoo kale haramaha. Haa, iyo inta lagu jiro xilliga sii kordhaya ee dhirta, safafka waa laba jeer spud, halka isku mar la baabi'iyo haramaha.
- Dabiici ah, waraabinta, - Vybornov soo noqnoqda. - Asal ahaan, waraabka faleebo, marka aynaan wakhti haysan, waxaan isticmaalnaa rusheyn.
Bacriminta sidoo kale waa lama huraan. Kahor beerista baradhada, falanqaynta ciidda ayaa la sameeyaa waxaana la sameeyaa xisaabinta nafaqooyinka loo baahan doono inta lagu jiro xilliga koritaanka iyo inta ay le'eg tahay. La helay: inta badan caadiga ah - nitrogen, fosfooraska, potassium. By habka, waxaan arkay beeritaanka baradho ah beerta Vybornov xagaaga. Sida haddii aan ku jirin aagga saxaraha ah ee gobolka Trans-Volga, kulaylka iyo ciidda adag, laakiin dhulka madow ee bacrin ah, duurka, cagaarka iyo xitaa, ayaa ku faafaya, ma jiraan caajis ama dhintay.
Beeralaydu waxay ku hawlanaayeen baradhada toban sano, iyada oo aan ka maqnaan hal xilli, oo aaminsan in dhaqanku u qalmo - maahan wax aan waxba ahayn in uu ka tagay dabacasaha caadiga ah ee qaybahan (wuxuu sidoo kale koray dhowr sano), oo baradhada ka tagay.
Faa'iidada tartanka
Beeralayda Natalya Serova oo ka socota degmada Sredneakhtubinsky ayaa sidoo kale si tartiib tartiib ah, laga bilaabo hal hektar, waxay bilaabeen inay koraan baradhada. Muujinaya natiijada dukaanka u gaar ah: in qaar ka mid ah shabagyada laga soo iibsaday meelo kale, iyaga ku xiga waa baakado isku mid ah oo leh digriiga koray gudaha. Aragti kuma garan kartid, dhadhan mooyee.
Guddoomiye ku xigeenka guddiga beeraha ee gobolka Sergei Chumakov ayaa aaminsan in si kasta oo aan rabno in aan hagaajino tartanka baradhada maxalliga ah, ma samayn karno iyada oo aan dib u soo celinta dhulka. Kuwanuna waa kharashyo dheeraad ah.
Koonfurta, baradhada ayaa hore u bislaaday, gobollada waqooyi xaaladaha dabiiciga ah iyo cimilada ayaa ka wanaagsan. Waa maxay faa'iidada ku jirta in uu dhaqan ka kobciyo gayigeena?
"Faa'iidooyinka baradhadayadu way kala duwan yihiin," ayuu yidhi Sergey Pavlovich. - Goynta ka dib, waraabinta awgeed, had iyo jeer waa nadiif, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in kharashka tignoolajiyada ee farsamaynta uu hoos u dhaco.
Asal ahaan, beeraha Volgograd waxay bixiyaan digriiga wax soo saarka chips: 25 kun oo tan sanadkiiba, taasina waxay suurtogal u tahay in shirkad kasta oo beeralay ah ay dhisto qaab cad oo wax soo saarkeeda ah. Waxaa jira shan beerood oo waaweyn oo gobolka ah, mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah waxay soo gabagabeeyeen qandaraasyo "dheer". Joogitaanka tas-hiilaadkayada kaydinta ayaa kuu ogolaanaysa inaad kordhiso wakhtiga dhalmada ilaa Maarso iyo xitaa Abriil.
Xaaladdan oo kale, ma laga yaabaa inay mudan tahay in la kordhiyo aagga dalagyada hoostooda? Sergei Chumakov waxa uu aaminsan yahay in aanay weli jirin wax sabab ah arrintan. Suuqa ayaa go'aamiyay bedka, markaa sannad kasta waxaan ku beeri doonaa dalaggan laba kun oo hektar, oo lagu daray ama laga jaray 100 hektar.