Sannadka 2021, nidaamka caymiska beeraha ee Ruushka ayaa heli doona qaab-dhismeedka sharci-dejinta oo la ballaariyay kaas oo suurtogal ka dhigaya in la hubiyo hawlgalkeeda habka ugu muhiimsan ee magdhowga khasaaraha beeraha ee ka dhashay masiibooyinka dabiiciga ah. Rajada iyo dhibaatooyinka la xiriira isbeddelka la qorsheeyay, iyo sidoo kale natiijooyinka caymiska beeraha ee 2020, waxaa ka hadlay wakiillo ka socda Golaha Federaalka, Wasaaradda Beeraha iyo Wasaaradda Maaliyadda ee Xiriirka Ruushka, Bangiga Ruushka iyo beesha caymiska kulan ay la yeesheen saxaafadda, kaas oo dhacay intii lagu jiray abaabulka Ururka Qaranka ee Caymiska Beeraha (NSA) ee Moscow.
Mid ka mid ah mowduucyada ugu muhiimsan ee munaasabadda ayaa ahaa sharci ay soo diyaariyeen koox ka kooban xildhibaano iyo senator iyadoo si firfircoon uga qaybqaatay Wasaaradda Beeraha iyo Golaha Qaranka ee Armenia si loo horumariyo fikradeeda. Waxka bedelka qabyada ah ee sharciga taageerada gobolka ee caymiska beeraha waxaa looga golleeyahay in lagu daro habka caymiska beeraha nidaamka ilaalinta wax soo saarka beeraha haddii ay dhacdo xaalad degdeg ah oo dabiici ah. Waxay bixisaa ballaarinta nidaamka caymiska beeraha oo leh taageerada gobolka iyada oo la soo bandhigayo fikradda khad cusub oo caymis ah - haddii ay dhacdo ogeysiis degdeg ah. Sharcigan waxaa sal u ah Duma State akhrintii koowaad ee Maarso 17.
Dhanka kooxda sharci-dejinta-qorayaasha sharciga, madaxa Guddiga Beeraha ee Golaha Xiriirka Aleksey Mayorov ayaa ka hadlay, isagoo xusay in dib u soo celinta nidaamka caymiska beeraha ay tahay hawl ay dejisay Guddoonka Golaha. Xildhibaanada 2018 oo ay ku jiraan diiradda joogtada ah ee Guddiga. Guddigan oo ay weheliyaan hay’adda NSA oo ay ka qayb qaadanayaan wasaaradda beeraha iyo bangiga Ruushka, ayaa hawl-gal baaxad leh oo lagu darsayay xaaladda guud ee degmooyinka dalka ka sameeyay. Shirarka siddeed degmo ayaa la soo agaasimay iyadoo ay ka soo qaybgaleen wasaaradaha gobolka ee beeraha iyo beeralayda, kuwaas oo ka kooban ku dhawaad dhammaan qaybaha ka kooban ee Federaalka Ruushka. "Wadahadalku wuxuu muujiyay xiisaha sare ee bulshada beeralayda ah iyo hay'adaha maamulka ee dhismaha beeraleyda-warshadaha ee hay'adaha ka kooban federaalka ee abaabulka caymiska. Isla markaana, tiro dhibaatooyin ah oo jiray ayaa la ogaaday,” ayuu yidhi senatorku. "Codsi guud oo ka yimid gobollada ayaa muujiyay baahida loo qabo in la ballaariyo caymiska caymiska, la fududeeyo shuruudaha caymiska ee beeralayda labadaba marka la eego qandaraasyada qandaraasyada iyo helitaanka lacagaha caymiska, kordhinta helitaanka caymiska," ayuu yiri Alexey Mayorov, isagoo xusay in natiijooyinka la helay. la isticmaalay markii laga shaqaynayey sharciga qabyada ah ee caymiska khatarta xaaladaha degdegga ah.
Abaabulka tooska ah ee taageerada gobolka ee ilaalinta caymiska ee heerka federaalku waxay hoos timaadaa awoodda Wasaaradda Beeraha ee Ruushka, oo booskeeda lagu soo bandhigay munaasabadda saxaafadda ee ku xigeenka Elena Fastova. Waxay xustay muhiimada ay leedahay hawsha balaadhinta nidaamka caymiska ee dhismaha beeraha-warshadaha, taas oo, inkastoo ay jiraan dhibaatooyin, waxay muujisay in ay si joogto ah "cagaha ku taagan tahay". Elena Fastova waxay xustay in 2021 wasaaraddu ay labanlaabtay xadka lacagaha taageerada gobolka ee loo qoondeeyay caymiska beeraha - laga bilaabo 2 bilyan oo Rubles sanad ka hor ilaa 2,2 bilyan rubles. Dhaqaalihii hore ayaa loo qaybiyay oo la keenay gobolada.
Wasaaradda Beeruhu waxay tixgelisaa habka caymiska beeraha mid ka mid ah kuwa aasaasiga ah, taas oo u oggolaanaysa in laga saaro qaar ka mid ah khataraha ma aha oo kaliya wax soo saarka beeraha, laakiin sidoo kale gobolka. Elena Fastova waxay xustay in caymiska xanaanada xoolaha ee Russia calaamad muhiim ah oo ku saabsan caymiska heerka 28% horeyba loo gaaray - oo ku saabsan 8 milyan oo madax shuruudo ah ayaa la bixiyaa siyaasado, halka ay jiraan gobolo ka badan 50% xoolaha. waa caymis. Caymiska beeralayda ganacsiga ayaa bilaabmay 2020 - ilaa 2 kun oo tan oo kalluun ah ayaa la siiyay caymis, sanadka 2021 tiradan ayaa mar hore dhaaftay 3 jeer. Marka loo eego saadaasha Wasaaradda, sanadka 2021 heerka caymisku waxa uu noqon doonaa ugu yaraan 8% dhulka la beeray, iyo 2025, caymiska waxa la saadaalinayaa 30%. Horumarinta caymiska dalagga waa in lagu fududeeyaa hirgelinta caymiska khatarta ah ee xaaladaha degdegga ah.
Baanka Ruushka, oo ah maamulaha suuqa caymiska, ayaa sidoo kale muhiimad weyn u leh caymiska beeraha, oo ay ku jiraan caymiska beeraha ee taageerada gobolka, "Olga Shelepneva, oo ah madaxa Waaxda Suuqa Caymiska ee Bankiga Dhexe, ayaa ku tiri hadalkeeda. . "Tani waxay ugu horrayn sabab u tahay xaqiiqda ah in dhismahayada beero-warshadaha ay yihiin warshad istiraatijiyadeed oo muhiim ah - iyo warshadaha u nugul khatarta cimilada, sida kuwa kale. Caymiska ayaa ah habka ugu muhiimsan ee ilaalinta," ayay tiri. Olga Shelepneva ayaa sharxay in laga soo bilaabo aragtida macmiilka-agrarian, dabeecadda caymiska caymisku waxay ku xiran tahay laba arrimood: kalsoonida shirkadaha caymiska iyo soo jiidashada xaaladaha. "Isbeddelka dhacay wax ka badan hal sano iyo badh ka hor waxay muujiyeen in haddii sharcigu si dabacsanaan leh oo waqti ku habboon uu uga jawaabo baahiyaha siyaasad-dejiyayaal, markaa tani waxay saameyn faa'iido leh ku leedahay warshadaha in caymiskan ama nooca caymisku yahay ilaalin, xaaladdeenna, caymiska beeraha. Sidaa darteed, waxaan si firfircoon uga qaybqaadaneynaa shaqada biilka, oo hadda ku taal Duma Gobolka. " "Beeralayda, marka laga eego aragtidayada, tani waa inay noqotaa wax soo saar xiiso leh," Olga Shelepneva ayaa qiimeeyay soo jeedinta lagu soo bandhigayo caymiska degdegga ah.
Isagoo soo bandhigaya jagada wasaaradiisa, Roman Tochilin, oo ah Agaasime kuxigeenka Waaxda Siyaasadda Maaliyadda ee Wasaaradda Maaliyadda ee Ruushka, ayaa ugu yeeray sharciga caymiska beeraha ee soo socda "mid aad muhiim u ah marka laga eego aragtida bulshada iyo gobolka" oo ay weheliso hal-abuurnimo caymiska guriga ee xaaladaha degdegga ah. "Waxaan si fiican u fahamsanahay dhammaan caqabadaha soo wajaha qorayaasha mashruuca, waxaana sameyn doonnaa dadaal kasta si aan sharciga u soo saaro sida ugu dhaqsaha badan," ayuu yiri wakiilka Wasaaradda Maaliyadda.
2020, caymiska beeraha oo leh taageero dawladeed ayaa noqday qaybta ugu dhaqsaha badan u koraysa ee suuqa caymiska ee Russia: mugga ayaa kordhay 54% sanadka oo dhan, kaas oo noqday rikoor buuxa sanadka oo suuqa oo dhan uu kordhay 4%, Madaxweynaha ee NSA Korney Bizhdov ayaa sheegay in hadalkiisa. Guud ahaan, qaybta caymiska khatarta beeraha marka la eego khidmadaha caymiska ee 8,1 bilyan rubles maanta waxay la mid tahay qaybta caymiska badda. Korney Bizhdov wuxuu ku nuuxnuuxsaday in NSA-du ay horeba u diyaargarowday hirgelinta qodobbo cusub oo ku saabsan caymiska khatarta xaaladaha degdegga ah: haddii biilka la qaato qeybtii hore ee sanadka, bilaabista jihada cusub ee caymiska beeraha oo leh taageerada gobolka. waxaa loo qorsheeyay dayrta, inta lagu jiro xilliga caymiska abuurka jiilaalka. Xaaladdan oo kale, sanadka 2022, hababka xallinta khasaaraha haddii ay dhacdo xaalad degdeg ah ayaa laga shaqeyn doonaa si ficil ah, 2023-2024 waxaa suurtagal ah in si ballaaran loo soo bandhigo jihada cusub, ayuu yiri Madaxweynaha NSA.
Qiimaynta hababka caymiska beeraha iyo habdhaqanka warshadaha caymiska ee rajada hal-abuurka ayaa lagu soo bandhigay kulan ay warbaahinta u qabteen maareeyayaasha ugu sareeya iyo madaxda aagagga shirkadaha ay iska leeyihiin NSA, JSC AlfaStrakhovanie, PJSC IC Rosgosstrakh, JSC IC RSHB-Caymiska.
"Intii lagu jiray shaqada Ururka Midaysan ee Caymiska ee Isku-dhafka Beeraha, 2020 waxaa lagu calaamadeeyay lacag-bixinta ugu badan," ayuu yiri Sergey Prostatin, Agaasimaha Guud ee JSC IC RSHB-Caymiska. - Marka la eego qandaraasyada caymiska ee taageerada gobolka, 2020 bilyan rubles ayaa la bixiyay 2,3, taas oo 4 jeer ka badan lacagaha 2019. Xaaladda gobollada muhiimka ah ee beeraha dalka ayaa soo baxday in ay muujinayso xaqiiqda ah in xitaa ugu badnaan. dhulal, oo ku wanaagsan dhinaca cimilo ahaan, waxa laga yaabaa inay la kulmaan xaalado cimilo oo aan fiicnayn, taasoo keenta khasaare weyn. Dhanka kale, waxay muujisay sida bulshada caymisku u xalliso dhibaatooyinkaas, iyada oo hubinaysa sii socoshada habka wax-soo-saarka wax-soo-saarka beeraha. Waxaan aragnaa u janjeera xiisaha sii kordhaya ee caymiska ee dhinaca beeralayda. Tusaale cajiib ah waa Stavropol Territory. Gobolkan, ka dib khasaare weyn oo dalagga iyo bixinta shirkadaha caymiska ee qaddarka 1,5 bilyan rubles (sida laga soo xigtay NSA), mugga caymiska ee 2020 wuxuu kordhay in ka badan 3,5 jeer."
Tatyana Lavrova, Ku-xigeenka Agaasimaha Ganacsiga Shirkadaha ee AlfaStrakhovanie JSC, ayaa xusay in ay jiraan u janjeera in caymiska xayawaanka ee la xidhiidha xoojinta khatarta. Gaar ahaan, kuwa soo saara hilibka doofaarka ee gudaha ayaa galay TOP-5 ee soo saarayaasha adduunka - xooluhu si aad ah ayey u korayaan, isla markaana cufnaanta beeraha doofaarka ayaa sii kordhaya, cufnaanta qaddarka caymiska ayaa sii kordhaya. - Marka la eego dhinaca caymiska, tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in lacag badan oo caymis ah ay ku ururtay hal meel, sidaas darteed hal khasaare ayaa keeni kara khasaare. Tanina waa isbeddelka ugu weyn ee aan hadda ku aragno caymiska xayawaanka. Sababtoo ah khataraha badankoodu waa khataraha la xidhiidha cudurrada faafa ee khatarta ah, "ayuu yidhi wakiilka caymiska. Sida soo socota xogta la soo sheegay, in ka badan 3 sano ee la soo dhaafay, shirkadda "AlfaStrakhovanie" sanad walba fulisaa dejinta khasaaraha cudurada faafa ee xoolaha, in qadar ka badan 100 milyan oo rubles. Liiska caabuqyada kuma koobna kiisaska ASF iyo hargabka avian-ka: dhamaadka 2020, qiyaastii 80 milyan oo rubi ayaa shirkaddan laga caymiyay luminta lo'da.
Sida laga soo xigtay Dmitry Romani, Madaxa Waaxda Wax-qoritaan ee PJSC IC Rosgosstrakh, caymisyada "aad bay muhiim u tahay in la horumariyo hay'adda taageerada beeralayda caymis ee gobollada". Fikraddiisa, "ku-xirnaanta sharciga xaaladaha degdegga ah hadda waa mid aad u sarreeya, waxaana hadda loo baahan yahay taageero halkan, iyo waxyaabo kale, si (...) tirada ugu badan ee gobollada isla mar ahaantaana lagu xiro barnaamijkan. "- tani waxay u oggolaan doontaa, gaar ahaan, in laga fogaado xulashada khatarta ah. Rosgosstrakh ee dhinaca caymiska beeraha ee 2020 waxay kordhisay joogitaankeeda gobollada ku dhawaad laba jibaar marka loo eego 2019. "Waxaan sii wadeynaa raadinta meelaha laga soo galo iyo meelaha koritaanka ee gobollada cusub," ayuu yiri wakiilka Rosgosstrakh.
"Hawlaha horyaala nidaamka caymiska beeralayda waa kuwo aad u ballaaran," ayuu yiri Guddoomiyaha Hay'adda Caymiska Qaranka Korney Bizhdov. - Sida laga soo xigtay Hay'adda Cunnada Adduunka ee Qaramada Midoobay, nus qarnigii la soo dhaafay, celceliska tirada masiibooyinka dabiiciga ah ee sannadlaha ah ee saameeya beeraha ayaa kordhay dhowr jeer adduunka. Beeralayda Ruushka ayaa cadaadis kala kulmaya isla habab isku mid ah, shaqada beesha caymiskuna waa inay abuurto hab wax ku ool ah oo xasilloon oo iskaashi la leh dawladda si loo taageero sii wadista dhismaha beeraleyda-warshadaha sanadaha soo socda. "
Munaasabadda saxaafadeed "Natiijooyinka horumarinta caymiska beeraha ee 2020. Rajada horumarinta ilaalinta maaliyadeed ee dhismaha beeraha-warshadaha ee Ruushka ee la xidhiidha isbeddelka sharciga" ayaa lagu qabtay ka qaybgalka ganacsiga hogaaminaya, warbaahinta guud ee siyaasadda iyo warshadaha. . In ka badan 50 kaqeybgale oo ka kala yimid gobollada - saxafiyiin iyo khabiiro ka socda warshadaha beeraha - ayaa ku xiran baahinta internetka. Munaasabadda waxaa daadihinayay Dmitry Rylko, Agaasimaha Guud ee Machadka Daraasaadka Suuqa Beeraha.
Marka loo eego Sharciga Federaalka ee tirsigiisu yahay 260-F3 "Taageerada Gobolka ee Beerta Caymiska Beeraha", gudaha Ruushka, qaab dhismeedka nidaamka dhexe, taageerada gobolka waxaa loo fidiyaa caymiska halista wax soo saarka dalagga, dhaqashada xoolaha iyo ganacsiga xoolaha. Laga soo bilaabo Janaayo 1, 2016, hal urur oo dhan-Ruush ah, Ururka Qaranka ee Caymiska Beeraha, ayaa ka shaqeynayay suuqa caymiska beeraha iyadoo taageero ka heleysa gobolka. Kaliya shirkadaha caymiska-xubnaha ururka waxay xaq u leeyihiin inay heshiisyada caymiska kula soo gabagabeeyaan taageerada gobolka; caymiska waxaa lagu fuliyaa iyadoo lagu saleynayo xeerar isku mid ah oo loogu talagalay barnaamij kasta oo caymis.