Territori: 1 464 173 sq. Km.
Dadka: 3 qof, oo 723% ka mid ahi ay deggan yihiin magaalada.
Booska joqoraafi ahaan: Gobolka Tyumen wuxuu ku yaal Galbeedka Siberia. Waxay xuduud la leedahay: koonfurta - Kazakhstan, koonfur-galbeed - gobolka Kurgan, galbeedka - gobolka Sverdlovsk, waqooyiga - Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, xagga bari - gobollada Tomsk iyo Omsk.
Cimilada. Astaamaha ugu waawayn ee kala geddisan ayaa ah fogaanta ka timaadda Badweynta Atlaantik, inta badan bannaannada, waxay u furan yihiin gelitaanka hawada Arctic qabow iyo hawo diiran oo ka timaadda Bartamaha Aasiya.
Celceliska heerkulka bisha Jannaayo waa -29 ° C, Luulyo: + 18 ° C. Qaybta dhexe ee gobolka, heerkulka bisha 23aad waa: -16 ° С, Luulyo: + 18-19 ° С; koonfurta -17-19 ° C bisha Janaayo, + 200 ° C bishii Luulyo. Roobabku waxay ka dhacaan 600 ilaa XNUMX mm sanadkii.
Permafrost waa waqooyiga. Xilliga koritaanka waa 50-162 maalmood.
Relief: Gobolku waxa uu haystaa badiyaa Galbeedka Siberian Plain. Dhanka galbeed, dooxada bari ee Waqooyiga, Subpolar (ilaa 1895 m, Mount Narodnaya) iyo Ular Polar waxay ku yaalliin gobolka gudahiisa. Qaybta muuqata ayaa ah mid aad u bogsan, oo leh harooyin badan.
Ciidda: kuwa ugu caamsan ee gobolka waa kuwo si xoog leh loo yaqaan 'podzolic'; cusbo cusbo cusbo leh; mugdi caano madow oo madoow; meerad daadad leh; caano-chernozem solodized; caano-marsh.
Guud ahaan, gobolka waxaa lagu gartaa isbedelka soo noqnoqda ee carradu kala geddisan ee ku taal meel bannaan oo xaddidan. Tan waxaa lagu sheegaa aagga keymaha-steppe zone.
Muuqaalka ugu muhiimsan ee carrada dhulka hawdka-tallaabada ah ee gobolka Tyumen waa cusbada. Carrada zonal chernozem waxaa ka mid ah melon solonetze, sod solonetze, solonchaks seeraha, carrada cagaaran, iwm. Saamiga carradan ee iskudhafka ayaa gaari kara 30-50%. Carrada dhulka daadadka ah ee dooxooyinka ayaa sidoo kale aad u adag. Carrada daadadka daadadku waa mid baahsan - dhul-beereed, dhul-beereed iyo dhul-beereed baaluq ah.
Aagga dhulka Beeraha: 2 920,7 Ha. Thous.
Gobolka Tyumen waxaa lagu gartaa duruufaha cimilada ee xun, laakiin waqti isku mid ah, waxay si guul leh u kori karaan baradhada waxayna si buuxda dadka gobolka siin karaan cunno.
Wax soo saarka baradhada ee gobolka waxaa sameeya 97 shirkadood oo dhinaca beeraha ah. Waxay helaan qiyaastii 40% wadarta guud ee waxsoosaarka gobolka. Sanad-guurka guud ee barandhada sanadlaha ah ee qaybta warshadaha ayaa ka badan 200 kun oo tan.
Sidaa daraadeed, sanadka 2018, 8 923 ha oo baradho ah ayaa la beeray, 238,9 kun oo tan oo goos goos ah ayaa laga helay miro ah 268 ha.
Isbarbardhig: sanadka 2017, dhulka la beeray wuxuu ahaa heerka 8,7 kun hektar, 231,4 kun oo tan ayaa la goostay celcelis ahaan 262,7 kg / ha. Sanadkii 2016, baradhada qaybta warshadaha waxaa lagu koray 9,6 kun oo ha, isku darka wadarta guud waa 185,1 kun oo tan, celcelis ahaan celcelis ahaan: 194 kg / ha.
Noocyada ugu caansan ee lagu beero gobolka waa: Rosara, Red Scarlett, Gala, Evolution, Impala, Tuleevsky, Brook, iwm.
Soosaarayaasha ugu weyn ee baradhada gobolka waa Agrofirm KRiMM LLC, Beeraha Beeraleyda Druzhba LLC, Yasen-Agro LLC. Dhammaantood waxay u shaqeeyaan si waafaqsan hababka casriga ah ee teknolojiyada sare, kuwaas oo u oggolaanaya helitaanka wax soosaarka ugu sarreeya ee Degmooyinka Federaalka Ural.
Sanadkii 2019, soosaarayaasha beeraha ee Tyumen waxay ku beeray baradho aag qiyaastii ah 8 hektar. Meelaha ugu muhiimsan ee beerashada: Armizonsky, Nizhnetavdinsky, Tyumensky, Uporovsky, Yurginsky, Yalutorovsky, Yarkovsky, iyo sidoo kale Golyshmanovsky iyo Zavodoukovsky degmooyinka magaalooyinka. Goosashada waxay bilaabatay tobanka maalmood ee ugu horeeya bisha Agoosto (waqtiga la diyaarinayo maqaalka - 600/6.08.19/40 - baradhada waxaa laga goynayay 374 hektar. Iyadoo wax soo saarkeedu yahay XNUMX senter halkii hektar, waxsoosaarka guud wuxuu ahaa hal iyo badh kun tan).
Dalagga ka soo baxay waxaa lagu iibiyaa aagga gobolka (isticmaalka gudaha 130-135 kun oo tan ayaa loo baahan yahay), sidoo kale waxaa la siiyaa deriska (Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Chelyabinsk iyo Sverdlovsk). Dhoofinta waxaa sidoo kale loo gudbiyaa Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan iyo Uzbekistan.
TAAGEERADA POTATO
Iyada oo ay kaqaybqaadanayaan miisaaniyad-gobolleedyada gobolka, dhowr beerood oo baradho ah ayaa laga taagay gobolka, iyagoo ku qalabaysan habab casri ah oo si otomaatig ah u dayactiraya aagagga kaydinta lagama maarmaanka u ah. Qalabka iyo farsamada saldhigyada shirkadaha ku takhasusay beerista iyo kaydinta baradho ayaa la casriyeeyay. Mashiinnada beeraha ee jira iyo cagaf-cagafyada ayaa lagu beddelay kuwa aad loogu kalsoonaan karo oo wax-qabad sarreeya. Isticmaalka foosha gacanta ayaa la yareeyay.
Kaliya baradhada ee gobolka ayaa sidoo kale lagu taageeray qaab qayb celin ah oo ah qarashka ku baxa iibsiga walxaha abuurka, iyo sidoo kale magdhow qayb ka mid ah kharashaadka xaddiga iyo fosfooraska carrada aashitada ee loogu talagalay abuurista baradhada.
XULASHADA IYO HADALKA
Taranka ee baradhada gobolka waxaa sameeya aqoonyahano ka socda GAU ee Waqooyiga Trans-Urals iyo Machadka Cilmi baarista Sayniska ee cilmiga Beeraha ee Waqooyiga-Ural-ka. Liistada guulaha dhowaan la gaadhay, qofku wuxuu ku garan karaa noocyo kala duwan oo loogu magac daray indha-indheeye Nikolai Kuznetsov, oo la abuuray 2016 oo ay dhasheen kuwa ka socda jaamacadda beeraha. Baradho baradhadaani waxay si fiican ula qabsanaysaa xaaladaha Siberian-ka waxayna siisaa goosasho wanaagsan labadaba xaaladaha abaarta iyo xilliga biyo-baxa; kala duwanaanta ayaa u adkaysata cudurro badan, waxay u taagan tahay dhadhamadeeda fiican uguna madoobaato ka dib nadiifinta, ha ahaato cayriin ama karsan.
Jaamacadda Agrarian waxay leedahay shaybaar xulista baradhada. Laga soo bilaabo 2018, khubaradeeda waxay ka qeyb qaadanayeen mashruuc cilmiyeed iyo farsamo dhameystiran: "Taranka, soosaarida abuurka iyo ka shaqeynta noocyada kala duwan ee baradhada ee ka jira gobolka Tyumen" oo ay weheliyaan macaamiisha mashruuca - LLC "Agrofirma KRiMM" Maanta, kaqeybgalayaasha mashruuca waxaa hortaagan howsha abuurista iyo keenista suuqa laba nooc oo cusub oo xul ah baradhada. Mashruuca ayaa la soo gabagabeyn doonaa ilaa 2025.
Waa in la ogaadaa in tani aysan ahayn khibraddii ugu horreysay ee kaqeybgalka shaqada taranka ee shirkadda beeraha "KRiMM". Khabiirada shirkadda oo ay weheliyaan UralNI-ISKh (breeder - Doctor of Agricultural Sciences E.P. Shanina) waxay abuureen dhowr nooc oo baradho ah (Lux, Otrada, Bravo, Mishka, Miner), kuwaas oo lagu daro Diiwaanka Gobolka ee Guusha Taranka.
Agrofirm “KRiMM” sidoo kale waxay wax ka qabataa soosaarka shinnida asaasiga ah, waxay leedahay shaybaar u gaar ah soo saarista baradhada abuur barad ah oo aan lahayn fayruus ku saleysan qaab meherka. Shirkadda ayaa ka mid ah saddexda hoggaamiye ee Ruushka marka laga hadlayo soosaarka abuur baradho. Shirkadda beeraha ayaa geynaysa walxaha beeraha labadaba beeraha gobolka iyo gobollada kale: laga bilaabo Krasnodar ilaa Khabarovsk, iyo sidoo kale waddamada deriska ah.
Beeraha kale ee gobolka ayaa fiiro gaar ah siiya horumarinta soosaarka abuur. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah, Beeraha Beeraha "Saaxiibtinimo", oo qabta shaqo abuur iyaga oo xiriir dhow la leh Machadka Agrotechnologia ee GAU ee Waqooyiga Trans-Urals. Beero tijaabo ah ayaa laga abuuray beerta, shaqada wadajirka ah ee taranka ayaa socota, noocyo cusub ayaa la bartay.
HABKA
Sannadkan, warshad baradho baradho ah oo ay dhistay Agrofirm KRiMM LLC ayaa laga hirgalin doonaa gobolka Tyumen. Tani waa mid ka mid ah mashaariicda maalgashi ee ugu weyn gobolka, waxaa lagu fuliyaa iyadoo la kaashanayo dowladda gobolka iyo maamulka degmada Uporovsky.
Awoodda qorshaysan ee shirkaddu waa 30 kun oo tan oo alaab ceeriin ah sanadkiiba. Si loo helo wax soo saar alaabta ceyriinka ah, qabashada beeraha waxay kordhisay aagga beero barashada.
Dhirtu waxay ku takhasustay soo saarista alaabada hal abuurnimo u leh suuqa Ruushka: baradhada nus-karsan ee la kariyey ee lagu daro waxyaabaha dabiiciga ah, iyo sidoo kale cusub, la gooyay, faakiyuhu gooyaa baradhada cusub. Xidhitaanka 400 garaam, laba iyo badh iyo shan kiilogaraam waxay u oggolaaneysaa adeegsiga alaabooyinka dhammeystiray dhammaadka jikada guriga iyo xarumaha cuntada lagu kariyo, oo ay ku jiraan kansarka iskuulada iyo xanaanada. Waxaa la qorsheeyay in sanadka oo dhan ay shirkaddu soo saarto 15 tan oo badeecooyin la dhammeeyay.
Xilligan, komishanka ayaa socda.
Dawr ah
Shaqada ballaaran ee dib-u-soo-celinta ee aagga gobolka Tyumen waxay bilaabatay 50s qarnigii la soo dhaafay. Ilaa 1992, in ka badan 120 nidaam dib u soo celin ayaa laga dhisay oo dib loogu soo celiyey gobolka. Bedka dhul beereedka waraabka ah wuxuu ahaa 12,4 kun oo hektar, dhul faaruq ah - 92,4 kun hektar. Kadib waxaa yimid muddo dheer oo dhaqaale xumo.
Ilaa 2014, aagga dhul waraabka ee gobolka Tyumen wuxuu ahaa 3 hektar, taas oo qiyaastii ah 910% dhammaan beero baradho iyo khudrad ay leeyihiin ururada beeraha, shaqsiyaad ganacsato ah iyo beeraleyda beeraleyda. Isla mar ahaantaana, heerka xumaanshaha nidaamyada dib-u-dhiska ee dhulalka badankood wuxuu ka badnaa 37%.
Gobolka, oo si firfircoon u kobcaya beeraha, ayaa wajahay su'aasha ah baahida loo qabo in dib loo soo celiyo nidaamyada bullaacadaha iyo waraabka.
Barnaamijka bartilmaameedka federaalka "Horumarinta Dhul-u-sheegashada Dhul-beereedka Dhulka Beeraha ee Ruushka ee 2014-2020" waxay ka caawineysaa maanta inuu yareeyo dhibaatada. iyo barnaamijka gobolka ee loogu talagalay horumarinta dib-u-sheegashada dhulalka ee gobolka Tyumen, kaas oo shaqeynayay ilaa 2016.
Adeegsiga barnaamijka bartilmaameedka federaalka ee gobolka, nidaamka qulqulka Kukushkinskaya ee ah 2 kun hektar ayaa la hirgaliyay; marka loo eego barnaamijka gobolka, nidaamyada waraabka ayaa lagu rakibay dhul ka badan 800 hektar oo ku yaal shirkadda beeraha ee KRiMM. Isha isha biyaha ee dhulka cusub ee la waraabiyay waa kaydka wabiga Chernaya, oo horey loo dhisay.
TABABARKA
Gobolka Tyumen, waxaa jira todoba kaqeybgale oo ugu waaweyn silsilada waxbarashada beeraha: waa Jaamacada Agrarian University iyo lix kuliyadood oo farsamada beeraha ah: Tobolsk iyo Ishim oo ah iskuul xirfadeedyo badan, Golyshmanovsky agro-pedagogical college, kuliyada cilmiga cilmiga tacliinta ee Yalutorovsk, kuliyada cilmiga cilmiga beeraha ee Yalutorovsk, Kulumiyada duurjoogta iyo jaamacada Zavodoukovsky.
Jaamacadda Agrarian University ee Waqooyiga Trans-Urals waa xarun goboleed loogu talagalay waxqabadka waxbarashada, taageerada sayniska iyo soosaarka alaabada farsamada sare ee waaxda beeraha.
In kabadan 4500 oo arday iyo arday ah ayaa wax ka baranaya jaamacada waqti buuxa, waqti dhiman iyo nooc waqti-dhiman waxbarasho ah shan machad:
- Machadka cilmiga xoolaha (Ati)
- Machadka farsamada iyo teknolojiyadda (MIT)
- Machadka Bayolojiga iyo Caafimaadka xoolaha (IB iyo BM)
- Machadka masaafada waxbarashada (IDO)
- Machadka Daraasaadka Sare iyo Dib u Soocelinta Shaqaalaha (IPC iyo PC)
Ardayda jaamacadaha ayaa qaatay tababaro wax ku ool ah oo ay wax ku bartaan shirkadaha waaweyn ee ganacsiga sida Yubileiny farm, beeraha KRiMM, iyo Evika-Agro.
BOQORADADA LACAGTA
Sannadkii 2011, degmada Uporovsky ee gobolka Tyumen, beeraleyda maxalliga ah ayaa taarikh u yeeray baradhada noocyada kala duwan ee Zekura. Taallada waa baradhada laba-mitir. Taallo loogu talagalay agrofirm uporovskaya “KRiMM” ayaa la dhigay.
Qalabka waxaa diyaariyey waaxda agro-warshadaha ee deegaanka Tyumen