Waxaan sii wadeynaa wadahadalka ku saabsan dhibaatada hadda jirta - rhizoctoniosis baradho.
Isha caabuqu waa dhirta baradhada buka iyo qaar ka mid ah haramaha. Waxyaabaha ugu muhiimsan ee gudbinta cudur-sidaha sanadba sanadka ka dambeeya waa ciidda iyo digriiga baradhada buka (inta jeer ee gudbinta cudur-sidaha ee digriiga waa 29 ilaa 70%). Gudbinta cudur-sidaha inta lagu jiro xilli-ciyaareedka waxay ku dhacdaa ciidda, iyo sidoo kale basidiospores ee qoyaanka hawada sare (86-96% ama ka badan) dhibcaha hawada, laakiin habkani waa muhiimad dheeraad ah.
Sidaa darteed, wareegga cudur-sidaha ee dabeecadda waxay ku dhacdaa sababtoo ah isku-dhafka ciidda iyo habka gudbinta tuberka sanadba sanadka ka dambeeya, oo leh gudbin dheeraad ah oo hawada ah inta lagu jiro xilliga. Iyada oo ku saleysan tan, si looga ilaaliyo beeritaanka baradhada ee rhizoctoniosis, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la isticmaalo farsamooyinka iyo hababka si loo yareeyo kaydka bilowga ah ee caabuqa pathogene ee ciidda iyo digriiga.
Muhiimadda weyn ee ka hortagga dhaawaca dhirta ee cudurku waa codsiga saxda ah iyo isku dhafka hababka agrotechnical iyo kiimikada.
Si looga hortago horumarinta cudurka ee dhirta baradhada, iyo sidoo kale infekshanka digriiga, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la ilaaliyo wareegga dalagga oo dib loogu celiyo baradhada halkii ay asal ahaan ka hor 3-4 sano ka dib. Koritaanka baradhada ee wareegga dalagga ka dib digada cagaaran, soybeans, badarka, cawska dilka ah waxay yaraynaysaa horumarinta rhizoctoniosis on sprouts, afkoda iyo digriiga by 2,0-2,7 jeer.
Haddii ay dhacdo in ay suurtagal tahay in la sameeyo wareegitaanka dalagga, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la isticmaalo dalagyada leh guryaha phytosanitary ee ka soo horjeeda wakiilka sababa ee rhizoctoniosis sida horudhac. Si loo hagaajiyo xaaladda phytopathological ee baradhada, sida dalagyada phytosanitary (horey), waxaa lagu talinayaa in la isticmaalo badarka, cawska siiriga ah, isku darka legume-firiley, karootada, lupins, soybeans, dalagyada kaabajka, iyo flax, taas oo si weyn u hor istaagaysa horumarinta R. Solani Kuhn. ciidda dhexdeeda.
Saldhigga isticmaalkooda ayaa ah in bilawga caabuqa ee cudur-sidaha uu ku sii jiro muddo dheer ciidda kaliya xaalad hurdo ah oo qasab ah. Dheecaan xididka dalagyada beeraha u adkaysta wakiilka sababa ee rhizoctoniosis baradho kicin biqilka ee faafinta pathogene ee ciidda. Xaaladdan oo kale, kudka phytoparasite iyo hyphae germinal, oo aan la kulmin dhirta martida u nugul, qayb ahaan way dhintaan. Sababtoo ah xaqiiqda ah in cudur-sidaha carrada, sida caadiga ah, ay leeyihiin awood tartan oo daciif ah marka la barbar dhigo ciidda-ku-noolaanshaha saprotrophic microorganisms, farsamadani waxay keenaysaa hoos u dhac ku yimaada cufnaanta dadka pathogene ah.
Intaa waxaa dheer, haraaga post-goosashada suuska ee dalagga phytosanitary ka qayb kordhinta tirada saprophytes antagonist ee ciidda, taas oo iyana keenta lysis ee dhismayaasha faafa ee cudur-sidaha, iyo sidoo kale qaataan booska pathogene ee niche ecological.
Waxa kale oo la og yahay in sarreenka, shaciir, boorash, raspseed iyo khardal ay yihiin kuwa soo saara walxaha antifungal. Sidaa darteed, dhirta ka tirsan qoyska badarka waxaa ku jira purothionine, xeryahooda nooca phenol, benzoxazolinones, hordecin, furfrurol, gramine alkaloids, pigments huruud ah dheecaan unug, iyo dhirta kaabajka ku jira allyl iniin khardal ah, phenylethyl mustard iyo crotonyl mustard saliidaha, rafanin, heirolin. taas oo joojisa koritaanka microflora pathogenic.
Siberiya, inta lagu guda jiro hal xilli oo sii kordhaya, kuwii ka horreeyay sida kufsiga iyo mustard sarepta inta badan waxay yareeyaan tirada badan ee R. Solani ee ciidda. Marka la gaaro Maajo ee sanadka soo socda, sababtoo ah sii deynta walxaha ka hortagaya horumarinta fungus ee hadhaaga dalagga ee jajaban, tirada faafinta ee wakiilka sababa ee rhizoctoniosis ayaa la dhimay 2,0 jeer. Boorashku ma laha saameyn weyn oo ku saabsan nadiifinta ciidda, laakiin waxay u oggolaaneysaa in ay dejiso tirada cudur-sidaha. Qamadiga iyo shaciirku ma aha oo kaliya inay door bidaan raasamaal ee pathogen-ka inta lagu jiro xilliga sii kordhaya, laakiin sidoo kale waxay gacan ka geystaan ku adkaysiga ciidda ilaa guga soo socda. Sidaa darteed, marka laga eego aragtida phytosanitary, horudhacyada ugu fiican ee baradhada waa abuurka kufsiga guga iyo mustard sarepta. Marka la gelinayo dalagga miro, shaciir guga iyo sarreenka, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la tixgeliyo xogta ku saabsan ururinta wakiilka sababa ee rhizoctoniosis ee ciidda.
Liiska ilaha la isticmaalay:
- Zeiruk V.N. Hufnaanta wareegyada dalagga gaarka ah iyo nidaamka noole ee ilaalinta baradhada cudurada iyo cayayaanka / V.N. Zeiruk, V.M. Glez, S.V. Vasilyev, M.K. Derevyagin, V.I. Sedova, N.A. Gaitova, L.V. Dmitrieva // Baradhada ku koraya gobollada Ruushka: Dhibaatooyinka dhabta ah ee sayniska iyo dhaqanka. - M., 2006. - S. 38-47.
- Ivanyuk V.G. Hababka Agrotechnical ee lagula dagaalamo baradhada rhizoctoniosis / V.G. Ivanyuk, O.T. Aleksandrov, V. I. Kalach // Ilaalinta iyo karantiilka dhirta. - 2001. - No. 11. - S. 18-19.
- Ivanyuk V.G. Astaamaha muujinta rhizoctoniosis baradhada ee Belarus / V.G. Ivanyuk, O.T. Aleksandrov // Mycology iyo Phytopathology. - 2000. - T. 34, Maya. 5. - S. 51-59.
- Loshakov V.G. Wareegga dalaggu waa isku xirka aasaasiga ah ee hababka beeraha casriga ah / Loshakov V.G. // Warbixinta Akademiyada Ruushka ee Sayniska Beeraha. - 2006. - No. 5. - S. 23-26.
- Shaldyaeva E.M. La socodka rhizoctoniosis ee hababka beeralayda baradhada ee Galbeedka Siberia / E.M. Shaldyaeva, Yu.V. Pilipova, N.M. Konyaev. - Novosibirsk, 2006. - 196 p.
- Shaldyaeva E.M. Wanaajinta xaaladda phytosanitary ee beero baradhada iyadoo la isticmaalayo iniinaha kufsiga guga sida dalagga digada cagaaran / E.M. Shaldyaeva, Yu.V. Pilipova, M.P. Shatunova // Ilaalinta Dhirta ee Siberiya: Sat. cilmi tr Macalimiinta iyo ardayda ka qalin jabisay Kulliyada Ilaalinta Dhirta. - Novosibirsk, 2003. - S. 77-83
- Carling DE Saamaynta heerkulka fayraska ee Rhizoctonia solani iyo Rhizoctonia kale ee baradhada / DE Carling, RH Leiner // Phytopathology. - 1990. - V. 80, No. 10. - P. 930-934.