Glyphosate wali waa hormuudka wax soo saarka dhoofinta Shiinaha, in kasta oo iibka dhir-dhisku uu guud ahaan hoos u dhacay.
Warbixinta oo kooban "Falanqaynta xogta ugu dambeysay ee soo dejinta iyo dhoofinta sunta cayayaanka ee Shiinaha iyo isbeddellada mustaqbalka" ICAMA (Machadka Xakamaynta Agrochemicals, Wasaaradda Beeraha ee PRC) oo lagu soo bandhigay Aqoon-is-weydaarsiga dhoofinta cayayaanka ee Shiinaha (CPEW 2019) oo ay soo qabanqaabisay AGROPAGES.
1. Soo dejinta iyo dhoofinta sunta cayayaanka ayaa la kulmaya caqabado halka dhoofinta sunta cayayaanka ee farsamada ay aad uga korodhay hababka loo sameeyo.
Soo dejinta iyo dhoofinta Shiinaha ee sunta cayayaanka ayaa la kulmay caqabado waaweyn qeybtii hore ee 2019. In kasta oo wadarta guud ee badeecadaha iyo dhoofintu ay sare u kacday heer cusub oo ah US$4 bilyan, heerka kobaca soo dejinta iyo dhoofinta sunta cayayaanka ayaa ahayd 473% kaliya, taas oo aad uga hoosaysa 2,4% 8,3. Wadartan, dhoofintu waxay gaadhay US$2018, taasoo ah 4,178% korodh aad uga hooseeya heerka kobaca laba-god ee sannadihii hore.
Saamiga dhoofinta ee alaabta farsamada iyo qaababka sunta cayayaanka ayaa muujinaya isbeddelada soo socda ee ku salaysan shaxda sare.
Laga soo bilaabo 2011 ilaa 2017, dhoofinta sunta cayayaanka farsamada ayaa hoos uga dhacday 63,2% ilaa 56,3%, halka qaabaynta ay ka korodhay 36,8% ilaa 43,7%. Laga soo bilaabo 2018, dhoofinta sunta cayayaanka farsamada ayaa bilaabay inay koraan, in ka badan 60%, halka dhoofinta qaababka ay hoos u dhacday.
Marka la eego baakadaha, qiimaha dhoofinta ee tikniyoolajiyadda heerka-warshadaha iyo qaabaynta sunta cayayaanka qaybta hore ee 2019 waxay ahayd $3,169 bilyan, ilaa 2,1%, halka qiimaha dhoofinta ee qaababka tafaariiqda lagu baakadeeyay ay ahayd $1,009 bilyan, ilaa 4% .
Inkasta oo iibinta alaabooyinka baakadaha tafaariiqda ah ay ku xisaabtameen kaliya 25% wadarta guud, kobaca iibka baakadaha tafaariiqda ayaa ka sarreeya alaabta baakadaha warshadaha.
Qeybta sunta cayayaanka. Iibka cayayaanka ayaa koray marka loo eego qiimaha iyo tirada qeybtii hore ee 2019, kor u kacay 14,5% iyo 20,8%, siday u kala horreeyaan.
Fungicides ayaa kaalinta labaad soo galay 6,4%, halka dhoofinta xeeriyeyaasha koritaanka dhirta ay hoos u dhaceen 27,6%.
Iibka noocyada kala duwan ee dawooyinka dhirta oo ah in ka badan kala badh qiimaha guud ee dhoofinta, ayaa hoos uga dhacay $2,265 bilyan sannadkii hore ilaa $2,163 bilyan sanadkan, dhoofinta ayaa hoos uga dhacday 520 tan ilaa 300 ton, hoos 508% iyo 800 .4,5% siday u kala horreeyaan.
2. Dhoofinta Latin America waxay muujisay kobaca ugu sarreeya: bifenthrin, Cletodim iyo Chlorothalonil ayaa door weyn ka qaatay
Dhoofinta loo dhoofiyo Latin America, oo ah suuqa labaad ee ugu weyn ee lagu iibiyo cayayaanka Shiinaha, ayaa si aad ah kor ugu kacay, isagoo gaaray $1,223 bilyan, taasoo kor u kacday 30,6% sanadkiiba.
Afrika waxay soo dejisay tirada ugu badan ee qaabaynta.
Brazil, oo ah suuqa labaad ee ugu weyn ee loo dhoofiyo sunta cayayaanka laga keeno Shiinaha, ayaa si firfircoon u iibsanaysay wax soo saarka beeraha.
Sidaa darteed, qiimaha sunta cayayaanka ah ee loo dhoofiyo Brazil ayaa ka kordhay 397 milyan oo doolar isla muddadaas sannadkii hore ilaa 573 milyan oo doolar - taas oo ah, korodhka 44,2%.
Dhoofinta Argentina ayaa soo gashay kaalinta labaad, halka u dhoofinta Mareykanka (suuq muhiim u ah sunta cayayaanka Shiinaha) ay hoos u dhacday 9,2%.
Dhoofinta Hindiya ayaa kordhay 11,8%, halka u dhoofinta dalalka kale ee Aasiya sida Thailand, Vietnam iyo Indonesia ay hoos u dhacday.
Aasiya sidoo kale waa suuqa ugu weyn ee sunta cayayaanka. Dhoofinta sunta cayayaanka qeybta hore ee sanadka 2019 waxaa lagu qiimeeyaa $1,259 bilyan, hoos 2,8% marka loo eego $1,295 bilyan isla muddadaas 2018, laakiin wali waxay ku xisaabtameysaa 30% wadarta guud ee dhoofinta.
By maaddooyinka firfircoon. Glyphosate weli waa wax soo saarka ugu sarreeya ee Shiinaha ee dhoofinta, oo ay ku xigto paraquat, marka loo eego xogta 10ka ugu sarreeya ee dhoofinta sunta cayayaanka, in kasta oo iibku aad hoos ugu dhacay, halka iibka bifenthrin uu si aad ah u booday 276,7% qeybtii hore ee 2019 marka la barbardhigo isla muddadaas. ee sanadkii hore. Kobaca iibka marka la eego sare ayaa loo diwaan galiyay Cletodym, Emamectin iyo Chlorothalonil.
3. Hubanti la'aanta saadaasha dhoofinta sunta cayayaanka ayaa kor u kacday sababtoo ah dagaalka ganacsi ee u dhexeeya Shiinaha iyo Maraykanka
Intii u dhaxaysay 1978 iyo 2018, iibka caalamiga ah ee sunta cayayaanka ayaa kor u kacday. Koror kale ayaa la filayaa sanadka 2019, taasoo ay horseedeyso baahida wax soo saarka cuntada ee caalamiga ah.
Marka la eego dhoofinta sunta cayayaanka ee Shiinaha, Maraykanku weli waa suuqa ugu weyn ee Shiinaha ee wax dhoofinta. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qiimaha ay Shiinaha u dhoofiyaan sunta cayayaanka ah ee Mareykanka ayaa hoos u dhacay 2019% qeybtii hore ee 9,2.
Shaxdan soo socota waxay muujinaysaa kororka weyn ee sunta cayayaanka Shiinaha u dhoofiyo Mareykanka sannadkii hore, 2018. Hoos u dhaca alaabooyinka ayaa laga yaabaa inay sabab u tahay hoos u dhaca alaabooyinka loo dhoofiyo Mareykanka sanadkan.
Iskahorimaadka ganacsiga ee Shiinaha iyo Mareykanka ee qeybtii hore ee sanadkan ayaa sidoo kale saameeyay dhoofinta sunta cayayaanka ee Shiinaha.
Warshadaha sunta cayayaanka ee Shiinaha ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaara silsiladda sahayda caalamiga ah waxayna wali ku sii jirtaa baahida Maraykanka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, khilaafka tacriifadaha ee labada dal ayaan la xalin, taasoo keentay hubanti la'aan saameynaysa warshadaha sunta cayayaanka ee Shiinaha, iyo sidoo kale ilaalinta deegaanka iyo xeerarka badbaadada shaqada ee adag ee lagu ansixiyay PRC.
ICAMA, oo xiriir la leh Wasaaradda Beeraha iyo Arrimaha Miyiga ee Shiinaha, ayaa hadda ka shaqeyneysa hirgelinta siyaasadaha khuseeya si ay u taageeraan shirkadaha soo dejinta iyo dhoofinta cayayaanka, sida dhimista wakhtiga diiwaangelinta iyo kharashka kastamka. Intaa waxaa dheer, tallaabooyin taageero ah ayaa la qaadayaa si loo dhiirigeliyo dhoofinta habab yar yar.
Si buuxda u aqri: https://www.agroxxi.ru/